There are a lot of concepts in history. Not all of them are studied at school or explained in detail in textbooks for a detailed understanding of the object indicated by the concept. One such word is international. Even many adults cannot explain what this is and what place it occupies in the history of Russia. In the article we will tell what it means and what role it played in history.
What is it
The International is an international association of people employed in production and supporting the idea of a socialist society. The international was also called the anthem of this movement, i.e. proletariat and communist parties.
International is a movement
The first international appeared at the end of the 19th century under the leadership of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, well-known representatives of the communist and labor movement. There were 6 internationals in total. All of them were socialist in one way or another and their aim was to spread revolutionary socialist ideas. The principles of freedom, justice and solidarity were proclaimed.
The Third International (Comintern - Communist International) is the largest and most famous. Its leader was V.I. Lenin. Active growth of the movement began after the 1917 revolution. He called on the workers to overthrow the bourgeois capitalist system and implement the ideas of communism. In the 20s of the 20th century, communist parties began to appear and function around the world, opposing intervention (the invasion of European troops to interfere in the political, economic life of the country).
By the beginning of World War II, the main idea was the fight against fascism. Representatives of the internationals actively participated in hostilities, became partisans and helped as they could in the fight against Nazi Germany.
International as a hymn
In addition to the socialist movement, the international is also a hymn to the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the Communist Parties of other states. The words of the anthem were written by the French poet E. Potier, and the music was composed by P. Degeiter.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the anthem was adopted as a symbol of the international socialist movement. Around the same time, the Russian poet A.Ya. Kotz created the text of the international in his native Russian language. In the years 1918-1943. the international is the anthem of the USSR. He urged the Russian people to unite against power, because power humiliates people, makes them slaves, and ordinary people are the main power of the world. There were 4 versions of the anthem in the USSR, the latter lasted until the outbreak of World War II.