Perm province played an important role in the history of the Russian Empire.
History
Perm district was formed by order of Catherine II in 1780. Initially, it included 16 counties, and after that their number decreased to 12. They, in turn, were divided into:
- 106 plots of zemstvo commanders ;
- 41 camp;
- 484 volosts;
- 12,760 villages;
- 430,000 peasant households.
Agriculture
The Perm region was known for growing bread on its territory. On arable land planted rye, barley, oats. In the southern part, wheat and buckwheat prevailed. For home consumption, hemp was grown.
Gardening almost did not develop. In Shadrinsky district they were engaged in livestock breeding, horses were bred. Fishing was not popular, despite the large number of rivers.
Counties of the western part
Perm province was divided into two parts. It consisted of twelve counties, seven of which were in the western part.
Perm is located in the western part of the province. Its area was more than 27 thousand square kilometers. It is famous for deposits of gold placer, copper and cast iron ores, coal. Diamonds were mined on its territory. The county was formed in 1781, abolished at the end of 1923. The population was more than 240 thousand people.
Krasnoufimsk district was an area of about 22 thousand square miles. It is located on the slope of the Ural Range. It is rich in forests, ores and various mineral resources. It was formed in early 1781. The population was more than 244 thousand people, half of which were men.
Kungursky district was in the southern part. It is rich in shale limestone, gypsum strata. More than half of the counties were occupied by forests. It was formed in 1781. It was abolished by decree in 1923. It consisted of 25 volosts.
Osinsky district of the Perm province was an area of 19 thousand square kilometers. From the north, it was surrounded by mountains, and from the south - by the steppe. The county was formed in 1781. The population was 284 thousand people. The county was considered the most fertile. It consisted of 45 volosts. Bread production was developed. They sowed rye, wheat, oats, spelled, peas and potatoes. Horses, cattle, pigs and sheep were raised. Beekeeping was well developed.
Ohan district is divided in the middle by a high mountain range. It included 46 volosts with a population of 276 thousand people. Residents were engaged in the cultivation of bread and flax. Due to the large number of meadows, livestock farming was developed.
Solikamsk Uyezd was an area of 26 thousand square versts. It was distinguished by the extraction of salt, iron, coal. The Kama River within the Solikamsk Uyezd was equipped with five marinas. It consisted of 50 volosts.
Cherdynsky district was quite large. Its area was more than 62 thousand square miles. It was divided into two parts by the Kama River. It consisted of 23 volosts. Steamboats walked between the two banks.
Counties East
Perm province occupied a large area. Its eastern part included 5 counties.
Verkhotursky was an area of 60 thousand square kilometers. He became famous for the wealth of the mountains. Factories smelted cast iron, iron, copper. Gold and platinum were mined. The county consisted of 39 volosts with a population of 208 thousand people. Residents worked in mining plants, mined ore, engaged in forestry.
Yekaterinburg County took fourth place in area. It included 61 volosts. The county was rich in forest. Oats, rye, peas, and potatoes were planted in the fields. Cattle were kept for household purposes only.
Irbitsky district was formed in 1781. Half of its area is covered with forest. Residents engaged in agriculture. They sowed rye, oats, wheat, barley. There were leather, sheepskin factories on the territory. Vodka and flour mills. The county included 34 volosts.
Kamyshlovsky district is located in the eastern part. The population according to the census was more than 248 thousand people. Due to fertile soils, agriculture was well developed. Two distilleries and one iron smelter worked.
Shadrinsk district was an area of 18 thousand square kilometers. The Iset River was divided into two parts. The number of inhabitants was more than 300 thousand people. Most of the land belonged to peasants. The leather and shoe industries were well developed. A significant place in trade was occupied by the fair, held in the village of Ivanovskoye.
Perm city
It was founded on the site of a village called Bryukhanovka. Perm was granted the status of “provincial city” in 1780. In its center are preserved architectural monuments. Modern Perm is a large industrial city. Engineering is a leading industry. The oldest part of the city is on the left bank of the Kama River. The Monastery of Classicism is considered the Bishop’s House. Not far from the city is the only museum-reserve Khokhlovka in the Urals.
The Perm province included several large cities. They are now part of the region. In 1923, when all counties were abolished, the province, as such, ceased to exist. However, this is precisely what gave life to the Perm Region, which we know now.