Very often, organizations have a need to adjust the amount of the previous shipment due to a detected error or due to a change in the terms of the contract. Legislatively provides for a specific procedure for changing implementations of the past period. Let's consider it in more detail.
Definition
Correction of the implementation of the past period in the direction of reduction (CSF) or increase may occur as a result of:
- Changes in the cost of work.
- If you need to adjust the implementation of the past period in the direction of reducing the quantity.
- With a simultaneous change in quantity and value.
- If the VAT defaulter returns the goods to the seller.
If the parties agreed to change the terms of the transaction before the shipping document is issued , then within 5 days the seller can re-issue the invoice.
Workflow
Reducing the cost of production is a business operation that needs to be issued with primary documents. In case of errors, they are amended. A waybill is used to formalize the sale of goods and materials to a third-party enterprise. But it cannot serve as evidence that the buyer agrees to the change in the terms of the contract. To issue an adjustment invoice, you must provide a bill payment, a new contract or an act of shortage of goods on acceptance. Let us consider in more detail how this process is carried out in the control unit and control unit.
Requisites
The procedure for filling in the CSF is prescribed in Art. 169 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.
If there is a correction of the implementation of the previous period in the direction of reduction, then the difference in monetary terms should be indicated in column 8 of line G without a negative sign. The document must be signed by an authorized person. SP should additionally indicate the details of the state registration certificate.
If the adjustment of the implementation of the previous period to the downward side is incorrectly filled, the VAT will not be recalculated. KSF should be issued in 2 copies within 5 days from the receipt of the document confirming the changes: additional agreement, certificate of shortage of goods, payment order, etc.
If changes are made immediately on several documents in which identical goods were shipped, the seller can re-issue one invoice for all shipments.
Downward adjustment of the implementation of the past period: postings
Let us consider in more detail how the KSF is reflected in the BU at the seller:
- Storno DT62 KT90 - revenue reduced by the difference.
- Storno DT90 KT68 - a deduction for the amount of the difference.
- Storno DT20 KT60 - customer debt reduced by the difference.
- Storno DT19 Ktt60 - VAT difference.
- DT19 KT68 - VAT deducted previously restored.
Consider how the KSF is reflected in the increase in the seller’s BU:
- DT62 KT90 - increase in the cost of revenue.
- DT68 KT90 - tax deductible.
- DT20 KT60 - increased debt.
- DT19 KT60 - the amount of tax has been changed.
- DT68 KT19 - tax deductible.
When making any changes to the invoice, the seller must provide an invoice, and the buyer must restore VAT. In both cases, the difference in tax amounts accrued before and after the changes is deductible. Any changes to the CSF are not grounds for submitting an updated declaration.
The seller must reflect the corrected invoice in the sales book (increase in value) or in the purchase book (decrease in value) during the period of its preparation, and the buyer in the reporting quarter. CSF deductions can be applied within 36 months after the preparation of the document.
Correction of the implementation of the previous period in the direction of decrease in 1C
For registration of changes in shipment, 1C provides the same document. If the shipment amount is reduced, and the reporting has not been submitted, then the "Adjustment of sales" will reflect the amount of mutual settlements and make changes in income tax. The document generates postings using account 76K. Debt is taken into account from the moment of transaction on the date of adjustment. Analytical accounting is carried out for each counterparty, contract and settlement document.
If the reporting has been submitted, then when forming the document it is necessary to put a checkmark “BU last year closed” and be sure to indicate the item of income / expenses. In this case, the transactions are generated by the current date. If there is an increase in the amount of sales, then the program will automatically increase the tax base.
VAT
According to Art. 168 of the Tax Code, if there is a correction in the implementation of the previous period towards a decrease after implementation, the seller must re-issue the invoice within 5 days from the date of receipt of the document-basis. SCF is the basis for tax deduction. In this adjustment, the amount of tax calculated before and after the introduction of amendments is subject. Expenses of past years are taken into account when calculating VAT per month of their identification.
Income tax
According to Art. 54 of the Tax Code, taxpayers-organizations calculate the base according to the results of each period on the basis of registers of accounting or on the basis of any data on objects. If errors of past periods are identified, the tax base and the amount of the fee payable to the budget should be recalculated. If the period of the error cannot be identified, then the recalculation should be carried out in the current period.
Revenues from the sale of goods are recognized at the date of sale. Correction of the implementation of the past period in the direction of reduction in the control unit should also be carried out in the control unit. That is, the taxpayer must change his tax obligations. Here's how to adjust the implementation of the past period in the direction of reduction. The profit of the organization also decreases, and an overpayment of tax is formed.
If the change in value is explained by the discount provided, the seller may adjust the tax base during the period of re-registration of the contract. At the same time, the amount by which income is reduced must be reflected in non-operating expenses. The resulting loss can be transferred to future reporting periods, that is, reduce it by the amount of profit of the future period. The only condition is that you cannot reduce the income received from activities taxed at a rate of 0%. You can transfer the loss to future periods for 10 years.
Example
12/18/15 LLC signed an act on repair work in the amount of 236 thousand rubles. The funds were transferred to the contractor 12/20/15. In March of the following year, the LLC conducted an examination to assess the quality of work, according to the results of which paid but unfulfilled work (18 thousand rubles) was discovered. LLC sent the contractor a claim and additional agreement to reduce the cost of work. In April 2016, the documents were re-signed and funds were returned to the organization’s bank account. We reflect these operations in the customer's control unit.
2015 year:
- DT20 KT60 - the costs of repairing the object are allocated to the cost (200 thousand rubles).
- DT19 KT60 - reflected VAT (36 thousand rubles).
- DT68 KT19 - VAT is accepted for deduction (36 thousand rubles).
- DT60 KT51 - paid for work (236 thousand rubles.).
2016 year:
- DT76 KT91 - accrued income (15,254 thousand rubles).
- DT76 KT68 - tax is restored (2,746 thousand rubles).
- DT51 KT76 - funds received from the contractor (18 thousand rubles).