If you ask a person a question: "at what temperature does water freeze?", Then most often we will hear the answer that at 0 degrees Celsius. However, this is not always the case. For example, if you slowly cool distilled water, then it will not turn into ice even at a temperature several degrees below zero. But, if you put a small piece of ice in it, then it will instantly begin to freeze, “sprouting” with long crystals. This process is primarily associated with the features of crystallization. To convert H2O to solid, it is necessary to have impurities and inhomogeneous particles of dust, air bubbles ... The purest liquid is simply devoid of support centers, therefore, determining at what temperature the water freezes (distilled),
the above factors should be considered. In the laboratory, the temperature of the liquid was reduced to 70 degrees.
Moreover, according to its chemical nature and position in the periodic table, H2O should solidify at one hundred degrees below zero. However, it does not obey the majority of physicochemical laws that can be applied to other substances and compounds. The fact is that the interaction of water molecules is unusually large, therefore, a special, intense thermal molecular motion is required to overcome attraction. This is evidenced by such a fact as a sharp increase in the boiling point and melting point.
An interesting answer to the question of at what temperature the water freezes is also the fact that under certain conditions a hot liquid can freeze faster than a cold one. But a prerequisite in this case is the fact that it is up to
It is necessary to go through certain temperature steps during the freezing process. This phenomenon was discovered by Aristotle, but only in 1963, the schoolboy E. Mpemba proved that a mixture of hot ice cream freezes faster than cold. The whole thing turned out to be that the greater the difference between
hot water and cold air masses, the more intense heat exchange occurs, and, accordingly,
hot water begins to cool more intensively.
The scientific substantiation of the answer to the question "at what temperature does ocean water freeze" also seems interesting. Usually this process starts from minus two degrees. However, the more salts there are in water, the lower the temperature is required for the liquid to freeze. However, there is no specific freezing point. With an average salinity of 35 percent, the temperature
freezing - 1.9 degrees. At the moment when ice formation begins, a large percentage of the salt remains in the water, from which the freezing temperature decreases.
As we can see, the temperature regime for the conversion of H2O to ice is quite wide. This fact applies to other fluids. For example, determining at what
temperature the alcohol freezes, you can get an answer that at -115 degrees. That is why it is used in liquids used against icing and as antifreezes.
Thus, answering the question “at what temperature does water freeze”, we can make sure that the answer depends on many factors. And at the moment, most paradoxes find a completely scientific explanation.