Several centuries ago, the territory on which the Chita region is located today was first inhabited by Evenki tribes, and later by Buryats. From the eighteenth century, migrants, including exiled Old Believers, began to master the Transbaikalia.
In 1782, there was the Irkutsk governorate, and already since 1852 - Transbaikalia with the capital - the city of Chita. The region in 1870 already consists of three districts: Selenginsky, Barguzinsky and Chita.
Since the nineteenth century, mining has become the main industrial sector. A lot of convicts worked at factories and mines.
The Chita region became known as the place of exile of the Decembrists after the uprising in December 1825. Brothers Bestuzhevs, N. Muravyov, M. Lunin, A. Yakubovich, S. Volkonsky were exiled here, and later some of their wives joined them: Trubetskaya, Volkonskaya, Muravyova.
It was the Decembrists who influenced the further development of the culture of this region.
Some cities of the Chita region have regional significance. These are Chita, Borzya, Boley, Krasnokamensk and Petrovsk-Zabaykalsky, which grew up and developed around the iron foundry. It was here that from 1830 to 1839 the Decembrists, who were transferred here from Chita, were serving their hard labor. In the old city there are still preserved buildings testifying to the presence of these heroic people here. And in the city cemetery you can see the graves of the Decembrist Gorbachevsky, the crypt-chapel of the wife of N. Muravyov.
In 1980 (according to a few documents), it was possible to restore the house where E. Trubetskaya lived, later a museum was opened here, and a small memorial cemetery of some Decembrists was built near the railway.
The Chita region is located in the taiga and steppe zones. Most of its territory is occupied by taiga forests, in which cedar and Daurian larch, birch, and pine grow. In the thickets you can find sable, column, ermine, brown bears, lynx, wapiti are found here.
It is on this territory that such protected areas as the Daursky and Sokhondinsky reserves are located, as well as the mineral resorts Darasun, Molokovka, Sivanda, etc.
The Chita region is rich in mineral springs, of which there are more than three hundred in its territory. They are diverse: these are thermal nitrogen sources, and cold carbon dioxide, and with medium and low mineralization.
The Chita region has a very important geopolitical significance. It borders immediately with two states - Mongolia and China.
The main transport arteries leading to the eastern borders of Russia, such as the Chita-Khabarovsk, Transsib motorways, pass through this region, and almost seventy percent of all land cargo from China is transported through the border Zabaykalsk.
Those who were lucky enough to visit the Chita region - this hospitable, hospitable and hospitable land, do not get tired of admiring the simply exceptional beauty of these places. According to the majority of tourists coming here, it is on this territory that you can find the largest number of arshans, the Sokhondinsky reserve - the largest and most famous, Onon - the majestic river, the most beautiful taiga, which has no borders or limits, majestic mountains covered with pink haze blooming rosemary, the most brilliant lakes, endless meadows, the most mushroom forests and berry pads. And the Russian people are very loving their land!