In order to control the voltage in the network, electronic rectifiers are used. These devices work by changing the frequency. Many modifications are allowed to be used on AC power.
The main parameters of rectifiers include conductivity. It is also worth considering the indicator of permissible overvoltage. In order to understand the issue in more detail, it is necessary to consider the rectifier circuit.
Device modifications
The rectifier circuit involves the use of a contact thyristor. The stabilizer is usually a transition type. In some cases, it is installed with a security system. There are many modifications on triodes. These devices work at a frequency of 30 Hz. For collectors, they are well suited. The rectifier circuit also includes low conductivity comparators. Their sensitivity corresponds to an indicator of at least 10 mV. A certain class of devices is equipped with a varicap. Due to this modification, it can be connected to a single-phase circuit.
How it works?
As mentioned earlier, the rectifier works by changing the frequency. Initially, the voltage falls on the power thyristors. The current conversion process is carried out using a triode. To avoid overheating of the device, there is a stabilizer. When wave interference occurs, the comparator is turned on.
Scope of devices
Most often, devices are installed in transformers. There are also modifications for drive modules. Do not forget about automated devices that are used in production. In modulators, rectifiers play the role of a voltage regulator. However, in this case, much depends on the type of device.
Existing types of modifications
By design, semiconductor, thyristor and bridge modifications are distinguished. In a separate category include power devices that can operate at high frequency. Two-half-time models are not suitable for these purposes. Additionally, rectifiers are distinguished by phase. Today you can find single, two and three phase devices.
Semiconductor models
Semiconductor rectifiers are great for step-down transformers. Many modifications are available on the basis of connector capacitors. The conductivity at the input does not exceed 10 microns. It is also worth noting that semiconductor rectifiers differ in sensitivity. Devices up to 5 mV can be used at a voltage of 12 V.
Protection systems are applied in class P30. Adapters are used to connect modifications. At a voltage of 12 V, the reset parameter is on average 10 A. Modifications with plates are distinguished by a high parameter of the operating temperature. Many devices are capable of operating from transistors. Filters are used to reduce distortion.
Features of thyristor devices
Thyristor rectifier is designed to adjust the voltage in the DC network. If we talk about modifications of low conductivity, then they use only one triode. The maximum voltage at loading of 2 A is at least 10 V. The protection system for the presented rectifiers is used, as a rule, of class P44. It is also worth noting that the models are well suited for power conductors. How does a transformer work on thyristor rectifiers? First of all, the voltage falls on the relay.
DC conversion takes place thanks to the transistor. Capacitor units are used to control the output voltage. Many models have several filters. If we talk about the shortcomings of rectifiers, it is worth noting that they have high heat losses. With an output voltage of more than 30 V, the overload indicator is significantly reduced. Additionally, it is worth considering the high price of a thyristor rectifier.
Bridge modifications
Bridge rectifiers operate at a frequency of not more than 30 Hz. The control angle depends on the triodes. Comparators are mainly mounted via diode conductors. For power equipment models are not suitable in the best way. For modules, stabilizers with a low resistance adapter are used. If we talk about the cons, then we should take into account low conductivity at high voltage. Protection systems, as a rule, are applied in class P33.
Many modifications are connected via a dipole triode. How does a transformer work on these rectifiers? Initially, voltage is applied to the primary winding. With voltages above 10 V, the converter is switched on. Frequency change is carried out using a conventional comparator. In order to reduce heat loss, a varicap is installed on the bridge controlled rectifier.
Power devices
Power rectifiers have recently been considered very common. The overload indicator at low voltage does not exceed 15 A. The protection system is mainly used by the P37 series. Models are used for step-down transformers. If we talk about design features, it is important to note that the devices are available with pentodes. They are distinguished by good sensitivity, but they have a low operating temperature parameter.
Capacitor blocks are allowed to be used at 4 microns. An output voltage greater than 10 V drives the inverter. Filters are typically used on two isolators. It is also worth noting that there are many rectifiers with controllers on the market. Their main difference lies in the ability to work at a frequency of over 33 Hz. In this case, overload corresponds to an average of 10 A.
Half-wave modifications
A half-wave single-phase rectifier is capable of operating at different frequencies. The main advantage of the modifications lies in the high operating temperature parameter. If we talk about design features, it is important to note that power thyristors are used of the integral type, and their conductivity does not exceed 4 microns. At a voltage of 10 V, the system produces an average of 5 A.
Protection systems are quite often used in the P48 series. Modifications are connected via adapters. It is also worth noting the disadvantages of rectifiers of this class. First of all, it is a low susceptibility to magnetic vibrations. The overload parameter can sometimes change quickly. At frequencies below 40 Hz, current drops are felt. Experts also note that models are not able to work on one filter. Additionally, field effect transistors are not suitable for devices .
Single phase devices
A single-phase controlled rectifier is capable of performing many functions. They install models most often on power transformers. At a frequency of 20 Hz, the overload parameter on average does not exceed 50 A. The protection system for rectifiers is used in class P48. Many experts say that models are not afraid of wave interference and do an excellent job with impulse surges. Are there any drawbacks to models of this type? First of all, they relate to low current at high load. To solve this problem, comparators are installed. However, it should be borne in mind that they can not work in the AC circuit.
In addition, problems with current conductivity periodically arise. On average, this parameter is 5 microns. Decreasing the sensitivity greatly affects the performance of the triode. If we consider single-phase uncontrolled rectifiers, then the plates are used with an adapter. Many models have several insulators. It is also worth noting that rectifiers of this type are not suitable for step-down transformers. Stabilizers are most often used on three outputs, and the maximum voltage for them should not exceed 50 V.
Parameters of two-phase devices
Two-phase rectifiers are manufactured for DC and AC circuits. Many modifications are operated on contact-type triodes. If we talk about the parameters of the modifications, it is worth noting the low voltage at high overloads. Thus, the devices are poorly suited for power transformers. However, the advantage of the devices is good conductivity.
Sensitivity for models starts at 55 mV. In this case, the heat loss is negligible. Comparators are applied on two plates. Quite often, modifications are connected through one adapter. In this case, the insulators are pre-tested for output impedance.
Three phase modifications
Three-phase rectifiers are actively used on power transformers. They have a very high overload parameter, and they are able to work in conditions of increased frequency. If we talk about design features, it is important to note that the models are assembled with capacitor units. Due to this modification, it is allowed to connect to a DC circuit and not be afraid of wave interference. Impulse surges are blocked by filters. Connection through an adapter is carried out using a converter. Many models have three isolators. The output voltage at 3 A should not exceed 5 V.
In addition, it is worth noting that rectifiers of this type are used for large network congestion. Many modifications are equipped with locks. Frequency reduction occurs with the help of comparators, which are installed above the capacitor box. If we consider relay transformers, then an additional adapter will be required to connect the modifications.
Contact Comparator Models
Managed rectifiers with a contact comparator have recently been in great demand. Among the features of the modifications it is worth noting a high degree of overload. Protection systems are mainly used in class P55. Devices with one capacitor box work. At a voltage of 12 V, the output current is at least 3 A. Many models are capable of boasting high conductivity at a frequency of 5 Hz.
Stabilizers are often used low impedance type. They perform well in an AC circuit. In production, rectifiers are used to operate power transformers. The permissible level of conductivity in them is not more than 50 microns. The operating temperature in this case depends on the type of dinistor. As a rule, they are installed with several covers.
Dual Comparator Devices
Electronic rectifiers with two comparators are appreciated for the high output voltage parameter. With an overload of 5 A, the modifications are able to work without heat loss. The smoothing coefficient of rectifiers does not exceed 60%. Many modifications have a high-quality protection system of the P58 series. First of all, it is designed to cope with wave interference. At a frequency of 40 Hz, devices produce an average of 50 microns. Tetrodes for modifications are used of a variable type, and their sensitivity is not more than 10 mV.
Are there any drawbacks to this type of rectifier? First of all, it should be noted that they must not be connected to step-down transformers. In DC networks, models have a small conductivity parameter. Operating frequency on average corresponds to 55 Hz. Modifications are not suitable for unipolar stabilizers. To use devices on power transformers, two adapters are used.
The difference between modifications with an electrode triode
Controlled rectifiers with electrode triodes are appreciated for the high output voltage parameter. At low frequencies, they operate without heat loss. However, it should be borne in mind that the overload parameter is on average 4 A. All this suggests that the rectifiers are not able to work in a DC network. Filters may only be used on two covers. The output voltage, as a rule, corresponds to 50 V, and the protection system is used class P58. In order to connect the device, an adapter is used. The smoothing coefficient for rectifiers of this type is at least 60%.
Capacitive Triode Models
The controlled rectifiers with a capacitive triode are able to work in a direct current network. If we consider the parameters of the modifications, we can note a high input voltage. In this case, the overload during operation will not exceed 5 A. The protection system is used class A45. Some modifications are suitable for power transformers.
In this case, much depends on the capacitor unit, which is installed in the rectifier. According to experts, the rated voltage of many modifications is 55 V. The output current in the system is 4 A. Filters for modifications are suitable for alternating current. The smoothing factor for rectifiers is 70%.
Channel triode devices
Controlled rectifiers with channel triodes are highly conductive. Models of this type are great for step-down transformers. If we talk about the design, it is worth noting that the models are always produced with two connectors, and the filters they use are used on insulators. According to experts, the conductivity at a frequency of 40 Hz does not change much.
Are there any drawbacks to these rectifiers? Heat losses are a weakness of the modifications. Many experts note the low conductivity of the connectors that are installed on the rectifiers. To solve the problem, kenotrons are used. However, they are not allowed to be used in a DC network.
Difference of modifications
12 V rectifiers are used only for step-down transformers. Comparators in devices are installed with filters. The maximum overload of modifications is not more than 5 A. Protection systems are often used in class P48. They are great for overcoming wave interference. Converting stabilizers with a high smoothing coefficient are still often used. If we talk about the shortcomings of the modifications, it is worth noting that the output current in the devices is not more than 15 A.