Morphology is the science of the significant parts of a word. In general, it should be noted that, first of all - this is the name of one of the many sections of linguistics. His tasks include the study of the word as a separate language object, as well as the description and analysis of its internal structure.
Morphology is also the science of grammatical meanings expressed within the word itself. This is also called “morphological significance”. In accordance with these tasks that are assigned to this science, morphology is divided into two areas. The first is called formal, or "morphemic." In its center are directly morphemes and concepts of words. And the second one studies grammatical semantics and properties of morphological grammatical categories and meanings.
In addition, morphology is the science of parts of the language system. That is, she also studies the rules of understanding and building the words of a language. An example is the expression “Spanish morphology”. What does it mean? First of all, it should be correlated with part of the grammar of the Spanish language, which sets out certain rules that are most applicable in the formation of words. Morphology is a science that studies linguistics in all its understandings, it generalizes all the particular sections of the language.
Both syntax and morphology together form a grammar, however, the last term is most often used in its narrow sense, as a synonym for the first. Often you can hear such an expression as “grammatical category”. So, the syntax, in fact, refers to it. A number of concepts of linguistics as a whole do not distinguish this science as a separate level of any language.
Morphology is the science of language, which includes the following sections:
- The study of inflections in paradigms, language and inflectional types. It is an essential component of this science. It was from this part that the formation of morphology began, as a whole section of linguistics.
- Learning the structure of words.
- Studying the semantics of a word, grammatical meanings. It is worth noting that grammatical semantics were not previously included in morphology, the information about this section was more related to the syntax. However, in the 20th century, semantics became a mandatory component of morphology.
- Learning parts of speech.
- The study of word formation, which borders on lexicology and morphology in its narrow sense.
- The study of morphological typology.
A word is a unit of grammar as well as vocabulary. I want to note that as a grammatical unit it is a system of all word forms, grammatical meanings. And here is how the lexical part (one can also say - a dictionary unit) is a system of absolutely all its meanings in terms of lexicology. Morphology is the science of the Word, it combines all the grammatical parts of speech, as well as the forms and categories of the words themselves, which belong to these parts. It can be argued that the center of this science is the Word, which includes absolutely any grammatical characteristics and changes.