The hostel is a temporary housing, and the history of its appearance in this context reaches the time of medieval France. Then the state, caring for students and families in need, gave them places (rooms) in the hostel. In the 19th century, workers of factories and manufactories were assigned barracks - buildings, like block-type dormitories, where they could live. And only at the beginning of the 1920s on the territory of Russia did the bursa begin to be reconstructed, which before that had successfully functioned and provided shelter for people studying in theological seminaries and schools. The times of the USSR were remembered by “communal apartments” and block-type dormitories, which have survived to this day.
Characteristics of hostel types
An extended classification of hostels has been developed. They are divided by type of property:
- commercial;
- state:
- working hostel from the enterprise;
- student.
And also by sex of residents:
Dormitories are also shared for layout and level of comfort.
Planning decisions
Today there is a clear distribution distinguishing 5 types of planning solutions for hostels:
- Dormitories of the corridor type. They are characterized by the presence of a common bathroom, shower compartment, kitchen. The rooms are located on both sides, along the entire corridor.
- Block type dormitories. A feature of this type of housing is the placement of several living rooms in a block (section). There is a private bathroom, which includes a shower or bath and toilet. Common kitchen unit - 1 per floor or corridor.
- Dormitory apartments. These are small apartments: one-, two-, rarely three-room apartments, which include a small kitchenette, separate shower and toilet.
- Hotel-style hostels. This is a housing with a high level of comfort. It is characterized by dimensional rooms, the presence of a bathroom, shower room, small household appliances in the room, a shared kitchen on the floor or in the room. If it is stipulated by the living conditions.
- Student dormitories. This is a home for students. The level of comfort is characterized by the status and prestige of the university.
To rent a bed in a hostel, first determine for yourself the level of comfort and analyze housing prices. How block-type dormitories look like, you can look at the photo below.
Dormitories in Moscow and Russia: how to get a room
Living in a hostel, you can register for housing, but you must comply with the condition - the room must be privatized. In other cases, an agreement from the owner of the residential property and a lease agreement may serve as a reason for registration.
If the registration of the owner of the room is supposed, then, in addition to the certificate of ownership, no forms are needed.
It is important to determine on the balance sheet of which organization the property is listed. If this is a block-type student dormitory (pictured below), then all responsibility for re-registration will fall on the university.
The registration procedure does not complicate the enterprise. According to the regulations, a citizen applying for a room or apartment in a dormitory must:
- to write an application;
- submit an identity document.
After what time will the registration be ready?
After 10 days from the date of filing the documents, the original passport will be returned with the registration certificate. Moreover, the place of registration is not always issued on an ongoing basis. It may be temporary.
In the first case, a resident of the Russian Federation is registered upon his stay, in the second - according to his place of residence. In both cases, the registration should be made out at the real address of the citizen's residence or stay, otherwise the seller, in the person of the registration subject, or the buyer (tenant) can be punished with a fine.
Federal law of the Russian Federation strictly regulates the issuance of dormitory rooms. The rights and obligations, as well as the requirements put forward to the applicant, are spelled out in Government Decision No. 713, Federal Law No. 5242-1.
General features characterizing Russian communal housing
Before you are interested in the availability of free places in hostels in Moscow, check out the highlighted common features inherent in such housing, including block-type hostels:
- All of them belong to the state housing stock.
- Such housing is prohibited to sublease.
- The possibility of exchange or privatization is unacceptable.
- When evicted from a hostel, government agencies are not required to provide other residential property.
- With each tenant enter into a contract of employment.
Reasons for eviction from the hostel
Violation of certain rules signals the possibility of eviction of residents from a block-type dormitory or other communal property. The underlying cause for eviction is:
- Independent check-in without legal circumstances: upon termination of custody, which served as the reason for settling in the hostel; in case of bringing to administrative responsibility a tenant 3 or more times per calendar year; as a result of unilateral voluntary termination of the employment agreement.
- Relocation to another locality for permanent residence. Students left without parental care and orphans are provided with housing in a different category.
- Dismissal from work.
- Graduation at the university.
- Ownership of other residential property.
- Completed shared construction.
- Debt for utility bills for the last 6 months.
- Eviction from the hostel in a voluntary form. Housing is released within 3 days after receiving a notice, which is signed by the corresponding act of acceptance of transfer of real estate.
Block type dormitory layout
Check out the plans for these hostels. As a rule, they do not differ in variety. This you can see in the photo.
According to the law, people evicted from the hostel and belonging to the above categories of citizens have the right to other equivalent housing. These include:
- working for an organization providing housing for 10 years;
- families with minor children;
- disabled people of the first and second group;
- those who retired from an organization that provided a room in a block-type dormitory;
- employees of liquidated enterprises;
- families of people killed in the workplace;
- families with children with disabilities;
- disabled people affected by the Chernobyl disaster.
All the above norms are mentioned in the Housing Code of the Russian Federation.
To get housing in a block-type dormitory in Moscow is real even nowadays. This was a common practice during the Soviet Union, although today the trend has decreased fans. Communal and secondary real estate is in the background, because the future is in the new building. And given that the value of real estate has begun to fall in recent months, housing in the Moscow Region is becoming more affordable. The hostel is affordable housing for all categories of the population.