The totality of all knowledge about nature is called natural science. Due to the diversity of natural phenomena over the course of many millennia, separate scientific directions have been formed during their study. What sciences study nature? First of all, it is physics, biology, geography, astronomy, chemistry and other sciences. When scientists discovered new properties of matter, new sections were opened within each direction. Thus, a whole system of knowledge was formed - sciences that study nature.
Physics
This scientific field studies the general properties of various types of matter, as well as the nature of its motion, which can be mechanical, thermal, atomic, electromagnetic, nuclear. Physics is one of the exact fundamental sciences. Physical laws and concepts that are expressed in mathematical language, formed the basis for modern science. In scientific circles, physics is considered to be an experimental doctrine.
Inside this science, there are many subsections, for example, general, atomic, molecular physics, quantum mechanics, etc.
Chemistry
Chemistry also played an important role in shaping the modern scientific picture of the world. This is a science about nature, which studies substances, their structure, composition, properties, and also transformations. Moreover, the properties of substances are detected experimentally - as a result of their interaction with each other. Here, the focus is on the chemical form of the material movement. Inside this scientific field there is a division into organic, analytical, physical chemistry, etc.
Astronomy
The science of nature called astronomy is a body of knowledge about our universe. She explores the nature of the movement of a wide variety of celestial bodies, their properties, development, origin. To date, two branches of astronomy have become independent sciences. It is about cosmogony and cosmology. Cosmology considers the issues of structure and development of all objects of the Universe as a whole. Cosmogony specializes in the origin of celestial objects. One of the modern astronomical directions is cosmonautics.
Biology
This is a science of nature, studying its living component. The subject of biology is life as one of the forms of motion of matter, as well as the laws of its development and interaction with the environment. Here all life components are studied - structure, functions, origin, development, evolution, settlement of living things on the planet.
This scientific field has the largest number of subsections. Among them are anatomy, microbiology, cytology, ecology, genetics and many others.
Natural science
This is a general science of nature. In other words, natural science is the totality of all teachings on nature, reduced to a single beginning. This is not only a generalized, but also an integrated knowledge system. The forerunner of the emergence of natural science was the need for a new integrated approach. This allows you to objectively learn about natural phenomena and use patterns for national economic purposes.
Natural science is also divided into two large sections according to the type of research object - organic and inorganic. An inorganic kind of natural science is studying the motion of the inanimate component of nature, organic - the manifestations of life.
According to the methods of cognition and content, natural science is divided into theoretical and empirical. Empirical science deals with the registration, installation, accumulation and description of facts. At this stage, the information goes through the first stage of processing. The theoretical one analyzes, generalizes, puts forward theories, hypotheses, establishes the laws of nature. On the basis of the established laws, previously unknown causal relationships are revealed, and a generalized idea of nature is formed - a picture of the world.
Each field of knowledge has its own depth and accuracy of the description of various characteristic features and properties of nature. Because of this, at the same time, there are a large number of the most diverse ideas about nature. They are all based on different principles and are merely approximate representations.
Thus, in the knowledge of nature for many millennia, the process of formation of the natural sciences took place. Such a differentiated approach was a necessary step in cognition. Its reason is the need for a more detailed study of natural phenomena and processes. The basic sciences of nature are chemistry, biology, physics, astronomy. However, nature is a complex, self-regulatory and multifaceted organism. Therefore, at the junction of sciences related teachings appeared, such as biophysics, astrophysics, physical chemistry, etc. The sciences that study nature are combined in one section called natural science.