Today we will consider a settlement with a very interesting name and rather rich history, which will be interesting to get acquainted with. It will be about the settlement of Black Dirt in the Moscow region. Let's start with general information.
Brief description of the settlement
Black Dirt (Moscow Region) - one of the villages of Solnechnogorsk district. It also applies to a smaller municipal formation - a rural settlement of Lunevskoye type. The exact coordinates of the point are 55 ° 58′32 ″ north latitude, 37 ° 18′37 ″ east longitude. The index of the village of Black Dirt in the Moscow Region is 141580.
The number of citizens registered here is small. Let's look at the statistics:
- 2010 - 179 people
- 2002 - 108 people
- 1998 - 118 people
- 1932 - 200 people.
- 1899 - 228 people
- 1859 - 193 people
- 1852 - 125 people
Black Dirt of the Moscow Region - a settlement consisting of 10 streets:
- Park.
- Lucky.
- Athletic.
- Career.
- New Leningrad.
- Skhodnenskoe highway.
- Hospital dead end.
- Industrial.
- Skhodnenskaya.
- Commercial and Industrial.
There is also a monument of architecture of federal significance - the building of the postal station and, in combination, the main building of the former Zemstvo hospital. Today it is a non-residential premises. The time of its construction is considered the second half of the XVIII century.
Features of geographical location
If we look at a map of the Moscow Region, Black Mud will be located in the north of the region. The village is close to the Leningrad highway. Location relative to other settlements:
- 3 km south of the main line of the October Railway.
- 31 km southeast of the central point of the city of Solnechnogorsk.
- It is 13 km away from the Moscow Ring Road.
The Black Dirt is connected with the capital, Solnechnogorsk and the city of Klin by bus - these are routes 437, 350, 45. The railway platform closest to the village is Skhodnya.
Communication has been established with the nearest rural settlements - Pikino and Elino, as well as a small village called Subsidiary Farm of the Artem Sanatorium.
The beginning of the history of the settlement
The village has a long and very interesting history. For the first time in written documents, Black Dirt of the Moscow Region was mentioned in 1517. These were notes by the ambassador from the German lands Sigismund von Herberstein.
It is known that in 1776 a track palace was built here, and a post station was opened. What is noteworthy, it was one of the largest on the Petersburg highway. There could be up to 150 horses at a time. And along the highway yards of coachmen were arranged.
It was this station that was immortalized in Radischev's Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow. By tradition, here, escorting guests traveling to St. Petersburg, turned back home - to Moscow. And according to this custom, in 1839, N.K. Ketcher, V.P. Botkin, and M.N.Katkov said goodbye to the great literary critics Vissarion Belinsky who were going abroad . And in 1847, in the Black Mud, A.I. Herzen, who was forever leaving the Russian Empire, was escorted.
It is known that during the epidemic in 1830, a cholera outpost was organized near this village. And it was commanded by none other than the poet Denis Davydov.
After the long-awaited abolition of serfdom, the track palace in Black Mud was converted. In a new form, he became the Zemstvo Chernogryazhsky hospital. An almshouse was also organized under her. There is evidence that young Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (Lenin) also hunted in nearby areas.
Soviet and Russian history of Black Mud
December 7, 1941 is noteworthy for the Black Mud in that on this date the offensive of the Red (Soviet) army took place here. In the same year, the building of the postal station was partially destroyed by aerial bombardment. After the war, the building was restored and a hospital was again organized in it.
In the period 1960-1963, as well as 1965-1994. Black Mud was the administrative center of the Iskra village council of the Solnechnogorsk region. In the years 1963-1965. she occupied the same position, but only with respect to the Solnechnogorsk rural enlarged area. In the period 1994-1999. this village of the Moscow region was considered the administrative center of the rural Iskra district of the Solnechnogorsk region.
Black mud is a small settlement consisting of a dozen streets. Existing in the XVI century, it is repeatedly mentioned in Russian, Soviet history. It was with this locality that an old tradition was connected - to see off to the Black Mud all who left Moscow.