Liberal ideology owes its appearance to the development of productive forces, the further improvement of social relations, the expansion of the rights of women and other social groups during the period of active metamorphoses and the formation of modern European states. Liberals are people who advocate individual freedom in all its possible manifestations, the only restriction for the unlimited development of personality, according to liberals, are laws that should limit and coordinate the interests of all social groups in society. The basic ideas of liberal ideology appeared in the era of enlightenment. In the 19th century, liberalism was further developed in practical and theoretical terms and became the basic principle for a number of political figures.
The liberals of the 19th century considered individual freedom to be the most important value and a sign of the progressive nature of society, but at the same time, liberal ideology recognized only those who are responsible for their actions as truly free. Liberals are supporters of a lifestyle that provides a comfortable and safe existence from external coercion. The indisputable factor of liberal ideology is private property, as well as the presence of civil society, the participants of which have the right to independently solve problems without excessive state interference in certain spheres of society. To guarantee against the arbitrariness of the state, the liberals propose introducing the responsibility of the state to citizens, the law and the principle of separation of powers into three branches: legislative, executive and judicial, each of which acts strictly within its competence. Liberals are people with the worldview of a free person who is responsible for his choice, well-being, and also values and understands the blessings given to him from birth.
In the economic sphere, the views of liberals can be characterized by the concept of market relations unlimited by the state. The main condition for successful economic development, in their opinion, is competition, which itself will reveal the most effective participants in the national and then global market, without government intervention. He was only required to guarantee the protection of entrepreneurs from the arbitrariness of bureaucracy and bureaucracy. Each person builds his own well-being - such is the slogan of the liberals of the 19th century. Rapid industrial development increased the number of employees, and in order to maintain influence, liberalism was revised.
The liberals of the 20th century - the neoliberals - rejected the position of state non-interference in the market. In their opinion, it should carry out reforms that contribute to the social protection of the poorest sections of society. This was done in order to prevent the indignation of the masses and revolutionary outbursts, to eliminate the enmity of classes and to build a welfare society. Thus, liberals are a political force whose main idea is the values of the rule of law and individualism.