The transition from tribal to feudal relations ultimately led to the manifestation of the first signs of a developed society on the territory of modern Russia. The prerequisites for the formation of the Old Russian state are as follows:
- Strengthening princely power due to the growing power of the squad.
- The unification of many large tribes under a single center.
The Eastern Slavs and the formation of the ancient Russian state are connected by the unification of the tribes of the fields, Drevlyans and other kindred tribes under the rule of Kiev. In the west, Novgorod became the center. In the 9th century, the first references to the Old Russian state appeared.
The tribes of Drevlyans, Croats, Tiverts belong to the group, which is called only the Eastern Slavs. The formation of the Old Russian state began precisely after the unification of a large number of tribes under the rule of the Kiev princes. The union of Krivichy, Slovenes, and dulebs led to the formation of the Novgorod Principality. In 862, Rurik was invited to the principality, from that moment the countdown to the history of our country began.
There are several theories of the origin of the Slavic state. The first of them is Norman. She claims that the Russian tribes invited the rulers of the Norwegian prince Rurik to themselves. Archaeological excavations confirm the existence of Varangian traces in history. It was the Varangians who created the first prerequisites for the formation of the Old Russian state. The most ardent supporters of Norman theory are the German historians Bayer and Miller.
According to another, anti-Norman theory, the prerequisites for the formation of the Old Russian state appeared with the advent of the prince of Prussia, not the Varangian. According to her, Rurik was a native of a Slavic tribe. The first to deny the Norman origin of the state was Mikhail Lomonosov. In the XIX and XX centuries, this theory was supported by many historians.
Rurik was actively engaged in the arrangement and strengthening of the external borders of the new state.
Prince Oleg, who replaced him, gathered Russia into a single whole, which resulted in the successful campaigns of his squad to Byzantium. Oleg very wisely ruled the country, calculating every step. During his reign, Russia already occupied a vast territory from Kiev to the Novgorod forests.
Oleg's nephew - Igor - could not overshadow the glory of his uncle. His desire to surpass his relative led to the crushing defeat of the Russian fleet off the Byzantine coast. The union concluded with the Pechenegs helped to put pressure on the Greeks again and force them to sign a peace treaty. Prince Igor was killed during an attempt to re-collect tribute from the tribe of Drevlyans. The mother of Svyatoslav's heir, Olga, succeeded her husband at the post. She brutally avenged her murderers husband, putting the capital of the drevreys Iskorosten fire. The princess significantly improved the system of collecting tributes, the first adopted Christianity. The son of Olga (Prince Svyatoslav) subjugated the Vyatichi tribe, he defeated the Volga Bulgars, as well as the North Caucasian tribes. At this time, even the strongest states of the world were looking for friendship with Russia.
The prerequisites for the formation of the Old Russian state appeared due to the improvement of agriculture and commercial hunting in the northern regions. This led to the strengthening of the power of the princes and the establishment of tribal ties. Thus, disparate ancient Slavic tribes united into a state, which eventually became a superpower, the opinion of which is heard all over the world.