The first inhabitants in the Tomsk region appeared several thousand years ago. 2 Paleolithic sites in the city of Tomsk and the village of Mogichin have been known to scientists for a long time. The territory was finally developed in 3,000 BC. e. at the end of the Neolithic.
Tomsk province: from ancient history to the 20th century
In ancient times, the following cultures formed on this territory:
- Shelomokskaya (VII – III centuries BC);
- Kulayskaya (V century BC);
- peoples: Selkups, Khanty and Siberian Tatars.
In the 10th century, the territory of the region was occupied by nomadic tribes.
During the Tatar-Mongol invasion, the territory became a part of the Mongol Empire. And in the 14th century, they formed an independent Siberian Khanate.
At the end of the 16th century, the first Narym fortress was built on the territory of the Tomsk Region.
At the behest of Boris Godunov, here in 1604 the city of Tomsk was founded by Cossacks, which the Tomsk province is still proud of. It was here, according to legend, that Alexander I died, hiding under the name of Fedor Kuzmich.
In 1629, Tomsk became the main city of the region, to which the following cities were attributed:
- Narym;
- Ketsk;
- Yeniseisk;
- Krasnoyarsk;
- Kuznetsk.
After the construction of the Siberian Highway, the city became important for trade and gradually expanded due to this.
In 1804, the Tomsk province was headed by a new center - the city of Tomsk by decree of Alexander I.
The area included:
- Altai region;
- Novosibirsk region;
- Kemerovo region;
- East Kazakhstan region;
- Tomsk region;
- part of the Krasnoyarsk Territory.
The stone building of the city begins. By the end of the 19th century, these were 50 houses, 8 churches and the Trinity Cathedral.
The emblem becomes the emblem of Tomsk , where a horse with a crown in oak leaves is depicted on a green background.
At the end of the 19th century, the Tomsk province was connected to other areas of the Siberian Railway.
History of Tomsk province in the Great Patriotic War
During the war years, about 30 plants were evacuated to Tomsk, which greatly developed the city industrially.
The industries involved were:
- electrical engineering;
- optical-mechanical;
- rubber engineering;
- machine-building;
- metalworking;
- light
- food.
It was the Tomsk province in 1941 that provided the field military medical base of the Western Front and trained the command staff on the basis of 2 artillery schools.
Tomsk region: our days
After the war, Tomsk became one of the centers of nuclear research.
In 1958, the first nuclear power plant began to operate in the region.
Oil and gas fields are being developed on this territory.
Tomsk is a recognized scientific center of the Russian Academy of Sciences.