In any field, in any industry, employees, workers, employees need to ensure safety. Especially this rule applies to activities that are very life-threatening, such as the fire service. That is why on December 21, 1994, a federal law was published under the name "On Fire Safety".
Date of adoption
This legal act has the status of federal law, which indicates the highest degree of its legal force, not counting the Constitution, of course. The APA of December 21 was adopted by the House of the Federal Assembly on November 18, 1994. The legal document is numbered 69.
Despite the age of twelve, the law does not lose its relevance, as changes are made to it several times a year. If you pay attention to the list of acts amending, you will see more than 30 documents there.
As in any other law, here, as a small introduction, it is said that the law of December 21 is designed to ensure fire safety, since this area of activity is one of the most important functions of the Russian state.
general information
The first article of the normative legal act talks about the general provisions, namely at the legislative level it reveals the basic concepts that are used later in the text of the law. For example, it is the law of December 21, 1994 that interprets such concepts as “fire”, “fire safety”, “fire safety requirements” and others. The list of concepts is constantly updated and is not a closed list.
Further, the law describes the security system, which, in fact, is a combination of means that ensure fire safety. It is important to mention the functions of the above system, among which the fire protection function and the organization of its activities occupy the first place. This list is not exhaustive, and periodically small changes are made to this article.
Fire brigade: public service, tasks, types
December 21, Moscow adopted the law "On Fire Safety", where the second chapter is called "Fire Protection". It contains 11 articles, among which 2 are no longer in force. It begins with article 4, which refers to the types and main tasks of the fire department. According to the regulatory act, the following types exist:
- state;
- private;
- municipal;
- departmental.
There are three main tasks of fire protection: fire prevention, rescuing people and providing them with first aid, extinguishing fires and, along with this, rescue operations.
The state fire service includes services at the federal and regional levels. In these organizations, all units are collected whose main activity is aimed at solving the tasks set by the law of December 21. Of no less importance is the Regulation on the Federal Fire Service, which reveals the main subtleties of the fireman profession.
A bit about supervision
In addition to well-functioning bodies that ensure fire safety of citizens, fire supervision functions in this area.
Local controlling institutions are authorized to carry out supervisory activities at facilities owned by legal entities or organizations with foreign investments, the activities of which are regulated by the aforementioned federal law of December 21.
In addition, fire control is authorized to conduct inspections at diplomatic and consular institutions in foreign countries. Officials authorized to exercise control and supervision also have a number of direct rights, namely:
- request information necessary for conducting inspections;
- visit the territory of a particular audited institution;
- issue instructions in case of violations;
- make an inquiry if there are signs of a crime, and also enjoy a number of other rights.
Powers in the field of fire protection
The next chapter of the law of December 21 includes provisions on the powers assigned to bodies of power and local self-government.
The main powers of federal authorities include the development and practical transformation of public policy; development and implementation of targeted programs; creation and liquidation of management bodies; the organization of the development of science and technology, as well as a number of other events that form the basis of the fire service.
In general, the chapter consists of 5 articles, one of which has lost force. In this part of the law, special attention is paid to the powers of regional security agencies, as well as the procedural procedure for the transfer of rights and obligations from the federal level.
Fire safety: providing
December 21 is the day of the adoption of the federal law “On Fire Safety”, which tells not only the theoretical and regulatory framework, but also provides for the implementation of real preventive measures.
Among the rescue measures, the first place is occupied by the norms governing the process of extinguishing fires, for example, article 22 says: “Extinguishing fires is an action that is aimed at eliminating a disaster, and at the same time saving people and their property”.
Another equally important point of rescue measures, which contains the federal law of December 21, are fire and rescue garrisons; performance of specialized works and services; thematic propaganda and so on.