Newcastle is a city that is one of the largest in the UK, a powerful industrial and industrial center of the country. Its full name sounds like Newcastle upon Tyne. The city is located on the north-eastern coast of the state, along the Tyne River, on its northern banks. The area of ​​Newcastle is more than 113 square meters. km, a population of about 278 thousand people.
A bit of history
Newcastle (photo of the city can be found in the article) is quite old. It originated in the II century BC. e. The founders of Newcastle are the Romans, who gave the city the name "Pons Elius." In the Middle Ages it was called the “New Castle”. It is currently the largest metropolitan county in Tyne and Wear.
Climatic features
Newcastle is a city located near the Peninsky Mountains. What does this mean and how does such a relief affect? The climate in this region is slightly different from other parts of England. It is as warm and favorable as it is throughout the country, with warm winters and moderately cool summers, but there are much fewer fogs. Mountains make the city’s climate less humid, as if protecting it from precipitation. The average temperatures in January are within + 3 ° , in July - + 13 ° .
How Newcastle upon Tyne developed
Newcastle is a city (England is proud of such a heritage), which is now known as a major industrial center of the country. He began his development in this regard in the nineteenth century. It was during this period that Newcastle established coal production and increased production capacity. And during the British Industrial Revolution, this city becomes its center. However, by the middle of the twentieth century, heavy industry began to lose its momentum. For some time, after the decrease in work in this industry, Newcastle and the entire northern region experienced an economic crisis. However, by the end of the century, industrial production was re-established in the city. Only now are they based on lighter industries. Currently, Newcastle is a city in which industry is represented by the following areas: shipbuilding and marine engine manufacturing, turbine building, mining equipment, chemical and food industries, office supplies.
Agglomeration
Together with the cities of Hebburn, Jarrow, South Shields, Nord Shields, Gateshead, Newcastle is the largest metropolitan area of ​​Great Britain - Tyneside. Its population is about 800 thousand people.
Transport
Due to its proximity to the Tyne River and the North Sea, Newcastle is considered a river port, being a major transport hub. For ease of movement, residents use bicycles. There are also two bus stations.
Features
Downtown Newcastle is considered its business center. All administrative buildings of this region are located here. Car traffic in the area is prohibited, and a walk can only be made on its own.
Power in the city belongs to the mayor, who is elected by the city council. The natives of Newcastle are called the "Jordi." More precisely, this is the name of the dialect they speak. It differs significantly from an ordinary English accent with the pronunciation of some words. The formation of such a dialect was promoted by proximity to Celtic and Scandinavian roots.
Education
Newcastle upon Tyne is a truly student city. The fact is that two old universities are located here - Northumbria and Newcastle, as well as Newcastle College, well-known throughout England, which welcomes students not only from all over England, but also from other European countries and not only. The college is developing in many areas, and the number of students in this educational institution exceeds forty thousand people.
sights
Newcastle is a city that is considered quite developed in terms of attractions. There is something to see here. The world famous city brought the famous Millennium Bridge (Millennium). It passes through the Tyne River and connects the cities of Newcastle and Gateshead. The peculiarity of this structure is that it bends. The design is considered unique, since there are no bridges of this design anywhere else in the world. It was built in the 2000s and is dedicated to the beginning of the new millennium.
In addition to the interesting bridge, in Newcastle you can visit a large number of art galleries and theaters. Also in the city is one of the largest shopping centers in Europe, located in the central part.
In religious terms, you can visit two magnificent cathedrals - the Anglican Church of St. Nicholas and the Catholic Church of St. Mary. Both cathedrals exist in the city since the middle of the 19th century and at first served as ordinary parish churches.
Twin cities
Newcastle upon Tyne has 8 twin cities in the United States, the Netherlands, Germany, Norway, Israel, Sweden, France and Australia. In the last state, the twin city has the same name and is considered the “younger brother” of Newcastle English. It was founded in 1804, on the east coast of the mainland. Like the English city, it is located near the water, washed by the Tasman Sea. The population in it is about 290 thousand people.
Newcastle (a city in Australia) is considered a fairly large center by the standards of this state. In terms of population, it ranks second after the former capital - Sydney. But the main industry of Australian Newcastle remains, strangely enough, the extraction of coal. The city is a favorite place for tourists who visit this state.