Trace elements. The percentage in the cell, the value

Today we look at the cell and the trace elements it contains. The percentage in the cell will also be described in detail by us. First, let's talk about the very concept of "cell".

Everything that surrounds us and we ourselves is a kind of designer. Everything consists of the smallest particles that cannot be seen without special equipment called the Microscope. A cell is a cavity within which an aqueous solution of chemicals is surrounded by a membrane. Before we consider micronutrients (percentage in the cell and other issues), you need to understand: the cell is able to survive on its own and has a number of features:

• metabolism;
• self-reproduction and so on.

The last thing worth mentioning: cytology is engaged in the study of elementary structural elements, that is, cells.

Atomic composition

In the periodic system of Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleev there are more than a hundred elements, and more than half of them are contained in the human cell. In addition, about 20 of these elements are necessary for the life of the body, they can be found in almost all its types. Our main question is trace elements, the percentage in the cell. But, you must also know that the elements according to their percentage in the cell can be divided into classes:

• macrocells;
• trace elements;
• micronutrients.

If we take all the trace elements, their percentage in the total does not exceed three percent. These elements include the following:

• magnesium;
• chlorine;
• sodium;
• potassium;
• calcium;
• iron;
• sulfur;
• phosphorus.

As you can see, there are only eight of them, compared to macroelements, of which there are only 4, and their total percentage exceeds 90. The group of ultramicroelements includes many elements, and their total percentage does not exceed 0.1.

Trace elements

Now consider microelements.

The percentage of trace elements in the cell is as follows:

As you can see, these numbers are very small. In the table, we examined the percentage of trace elements in the cell, but what is their function. We have selected some of the elements separately, and now briefly about the rest. And so, sodium performs several functions, among which:

• ensuring a normal rhythm of heart contractions;
• creation of the membrane potential of the cell;
• with the help of this element, nerve impulses are carried out;
• maintaining the water-salt balance.

The percentage of trace elements in the cell (potassium, sulfur and chlorine) is less than 1 percent. However, these elements perform many necessary functions:

• potassium is the main cation; it, like sodium, provides normal cardiac function and helps with protein synthesis;
• sulfur is a component of amino acids, vitamin B ₁ and other enzymes;
• chlorine is an extracellular anion that is part of the acid of gastric juice.

Magnesium

We examined all trace elements. The percentage in the cell is also presented in the table above. But why is magnesium needed, and what functions does it perform? We will deal with this now.

We can find it in almost all human cells. Why? It is magnesium that takes part in most biochemical reactions, of which more than 300. The first main purpose is to participate in the creation of energy, that is, ATP. This is very important, since ATP plays the role of an energy station both for cells and for the body in general.

The second function is to help in the absorption of certain substances and protein synthesis. The third function is the regulation in the body of the following elements:

• sodium;
• calcium.

This is necessary for the proper functioning of the heart and nervous system, the prevention of coronary heart disease.

Calcium

We examined the percentage of trace elements, the table shows that calcium is only 0.02% of all elements. However, its significance is also great. So:

• calcium is part of the cell walls;
• part of bone tissue and tooth enamel;
• calcium is able to activate blood coagulation;
• included in shells of many invertebrates;
• serves as a mediator within cells and regulates various processes;
• coordinates the heartbeat;
• regulates blood pressure;
• participates in the work of the nervous system;
• maintains acid-base balance in our body;
• prevents viruses from entering cells and so on.

Iron

This element is simply necessary for the normal functioning of the body. It is he who helps in transporting oxygen to all organs and tissues. Also, this element is part of enzymes, hemoglobin, myoglobin. Iron is involved in the process of respiration and photosynthesis in plants.

Phosphorus

The element is essential for the body for many reasons. The main ones are:

• tooth formation;
• bone formation;
• part of many enzymes;
• participates in the regeneration of cells and tissues;
• the production of ATP molecules, the necessary energy stores for the body;
• assistance in the functioning of the kidneys;
• regulation of muscle contractions.