Topic: “Subject and predicate” begin to learn from the second class. But is it so easy to digest? Can you easily answer the question of how the subject and predicate are coordinated among themselves, or when a dash is put between them? If not, read this article.
The main feature of any sentence is the presence of a
grammatical basis, that is, a predicate and a subject, or one of them.
In the sentence, the subject answers the question "what?" or who?" and can be expressed by the noun of the nominative case, as well as by another part of speech in the meaning of the noun.
The subject, which is the main member of the sentence, as well as the grammatical subject, denotes the actor, though not always. For example, you have your hair done.
The predicate (predicate) answers the questions "what to do?" or "what to do?" and is what the sentence says about the subject: sign, action, quality of the item, its quantity or condition.
A dash between the subject and the predicate is set in the following cases:
- if they are expressed by a numeral in the nominative case. Twice eight - sixteen;
- if one of the main members is expressed by a verb of indefinite form or a numeral, which is in the nominative case, and the second by the noun of the nominative case;
- if they are expressed by a verb of indefinite form. To teach a fool is not to spare a fist;
- if the subject and predicate are expressed by the nominative case noun. Paris is the capital
There is no dash between the predicate and the subject in cases:- if the subject is expressed in a sentence with a personal pronoun: I am a lawyer.
- if the adjective performs the predicate: The child is fresh and pure, like an angel from heaven.
- if the predicate is faced with a particle not, an introductory word or a comparative union: Money is not happiness. The sky is like a river. He, apparently, is the cutest person.
The dash is always put before the words: this, now, this is, it means, which add the predicate to the subject: Speech is a mirror of the human soul. To love is to live for a loved one.
In an incomplete sentence, a dash may be used instead of a verb predicate: A lake beckons us with specularity, a sea with infinity, a river with speed.
Matching subject and predicate
- With the subject, which is expressed by an adverb, a particle, a union or interjection, the predicate is put in the singular: "Why?" most often heard in his speech.
- With a subject, which is expressed by a combination of a proper noun and a common noun, the predicate is coordinated with the proper noun : Sidorov’s secretary brought a report to the head.
- With the subject, which is expressed in a numeral, with a noun in the genitive case, the predicate is used in the plural, if necessary, emphasize the activity of each of the subjects (270 students from all district schools participated in the Olympiad), in the singular, if it is necessary to emphasize the integrity of the subjects (Participated in the Olympiad 27 students).
- In pronouns, nothing that, something predicate, standing in the past tense is put in the form of the middle gender singular: Something big has fallen from the roof.
- With negative, interrogative, indefinite pronouns, there is someone, nobody who predicates the masculine singular: Someone in a white shirt entered the classroom.
- If the subject is expressed by collective nouns, for example, junk, children, which designate a lot of objects or persons as a whole, the predicate is used in the singular. In the closet hung various junk.
- With the subject, which is expressed by the pronoun or the noun of the nominative case with the pronoun or the noun of the instrumental case, the predicate is put only in the plural: The teacher and the students spent all their free time together.
I think that now you know how the subject and predicate are coordinated, and you can help your children with their studies. Good luck