For several years, nature reserves of the Krasnodar Territory have been the subject of close attention, both from the side of the Russians themselves and from the side of the guests of our country.
Why so? What is the reason for this popularity? In fact, there are many prerequisites. However, first of all, I would like to note that the reserves and reserves of the Krasnodar Territory are an important recreational and nature conservation site of the Russian Federation. That is why at the moment there are a lot of equipped places, specially designed for both outdoor enthusiasts and scientists studying the local flora and fauna.
This article aims to provide useful information. After reviewing the materials, the reader not only learns about how many reserves are in the Krasnodar Territory today, but also gets acquainted with the characteristics and features of most of them. General theoretical knowledge relevant to the topic will also be provided.
Section 1. General Information
Before starting to talk about the reserves of the Krasnodar Territory, the list of which is quite extensive, I would like to define the concept itself.
The word "reserve" should be understood as a protected area having a different area, but invariably under federal jurisdiction.
As a rule, in these territories there is always clean air and magnificent nature. Rare species of wild animals and birds constantly live here, as well as a unique flora.
In general, nature reserves were created to protect unique natural complexes, increase the number of rare species of birds and animals.
Speaking purely about our country, it should be noted that today the area of all reserves occupies 2% of the entire territory of the Russian Federation.
In these areas, all kinds of human economic activities are strictly prohibited.
Section 2. Caucasian Reserve of the Krasnodar Territory Utrish
First of all, we note that Utrish is rightfully considered the youngest nature protection zone in our country. It was founded only a few years ago, namely, in 2010. And today its area is quite extensive, since the territory covers more than 10 thousand hectares.
Geographically, it is located on the Abrau Peninsula in the Western Caucasus, on the Black Sea coast.
The climate in this area is somewhat reminiscent of the Mediterranean: summers are dry and hot, winters are relatively warm. Snow falls very rarely, although, as a rule, it disappears as suddenly as it appeared. Seeing the powdery hills and trees here is a great success.
From November to January there is a lot of rainfall, but in summer and late spring the weather is clear and cloudless.
Many will agree that the Northwest Caucasus can be attributed to areas of amazing beauty. All the reserves of the Krasnodar Territory located here are distinguished by a special originality of both the plant and animal worlds.
Various types of forests grow on the territory, 65 species of insects are taken under protection, 20 of which are listed in the Red Book. In addition, more than 30 species of rare birds, many mammals, rodents and others live here. The local ichthyofauna is distinguished by the presence of especially rare species of snakes.
Now this territory is completely protected, and getting there is possible only with a special pass. However, for lovers of eco-tourism, the state is developing special tourist routes.
Section 3. Caucasian Biosphere Reserve
This conservation area was officially organized a long time ago, in 1924, and today is not only the largest reserve in the Krasnodar Territory, but also one of the largest in Russia.
A huge number of various southern plants grows here, and at an altitude of 2 thousand meters above sea level, you can find species inherent, as a rule, in subalpine meadows.
In addition to many flowers, valuable species of plants grow on the territory of the reserve and animals live, many of which are listed in the Red Book.
Those who are interested in nature reserves, nature reserves, national parks of the Krasnodar Territory, as a rule, choose unique tourist routes. Going along them you can see caves, mountains, waterfalls, narzan sources, dolmens and, of course, the famous Yew grove.
Section 4. Sochi National Park (Russian Federation)
Talking about the reserves of the Krasnodar Territory, one can not help but mention the amazing place called Sochi Park. It was founded about thirty years ago, in 1983. And the goal for its creation was the desire to preserve the unique natural complex of the Western Caucasus.
The climate here is really amazing. Why? The thing is that in the park, humid subtropics are adjacent to unique forests and snowy mountain peaks.
In addition, it seems that the whole world Sochi Park is famous for Zmeikovymi waterfalls, Khmelevsky lakes, Vorontsov karst complex, Mount Akhun with a viewing tower and other attractions.
Section 5. Park "Southern Cultures"
This conservation area is located on the shores of Lake Adler. There are two picturesque ponds in the park, one of which is equipped with a bridge. In addition to a very well-maintained area, pleasant for leisurely walks, magnificent plants are also grown here, once brought from Japan, China, Africa and America, as well as deciduous and coniferous trees.
A bamboo grove, Himalayan cedars and alleys from tulip trees, a large rose garden, hundreds of exotic and tropical plants can please the eye and pleasantly surprise you.
Evergreen trees and plants make the park in winter no less beautiful than in summer.
Section 6. Caucasian National Park "Elbrus"
The reserves of the Krasnodar Territory, whose names, due to their harmony, are remembered quite simply, it is impossible to imagine without this place.
The Elbrusier Park was founded in 1986. Today it is a region of a unique landscape with an area of more than 100 thousand hectares, most of which, namely 62%, is occupied by glaciers, rocks, and snow fields.
The park also includes the Elbrus massif and the slopes of the Main and Lateral Ranges, which are separated by the river valley. Baksan.
The vegetation is unusually rich and diverse: from pine, birch, mountain ash forests with giant trees to thickets of wild raspberries.
The park surprises travelers and tourists with the presence of alpine and subalpine meadows, snowfields, firn fields, unusual shrubs.
The wildlife here is also fascinating and unusual. In the forests you can find rare animals that need protection, and 40 species of birds constantly live.
Section 7. Black Lands Reserve
This conservation zone is represented by a desert, slightly wavy plain with masses of tuberous and fine tuberous sands, Manych-Gudilo Lake, on which the ornithological reserve, famous far beyond the borders of our country, is located.
Despite the arid climate, Black Lands is not a lifeless desert at all, as it might seem at first glance. Several especially valuable plant species grow here, unique families of animals, reptiles, water and near-water birds are found.
Section 8. Taman-Zaporizhzhya Nature Reserve
Taman-Zaporizhzhya State Zoological Reserve, with an area of about 30 thousand hectares, was created long ago, in 1967.
Most of its territory is made up of marine areas - almost 80%, and the rest of the land is represented by dry steppe Eastern European elevated plains.
At the moment, the reserve is assigned to the federal territories, where several species of waterfowl and fish are under special protection. About 49500 individuals of various birds live in this conservation area.
Section 9. Reserves of the Krasnodar Territory: conditions for visiting
As already mentioned above, such territories are created with the aim of preserving unique natural places. These are usually enclosed and well-protected areas of land, water, soil and air. They are also called biosphere reserves, since here specialists make a lot of efforts to preserve everything living and nonliving.
Ecological education and educational tourism are allowed in nature reserves . Although, as a rule, tourists are not allowed to visit the entire territory of the reserve or wildlife sanctuary, but only its specific part - the recreation zone - an area in which the presence of people will not bring tangible harm to the inhabitants of the reserve zone.
By the way, today far from all reserves of the Krasnodar Territory are open for tourists to visit. In their territories, special rules of conduct should be followed, which are mandatory for all visitors.
First of all, you should pay attention to the fact that in order to visit the reserve, you must obtain a special permit, an application for which, as a rule, can be issued on the official website of the reserve.
Secondly, to obtain this kind of document, you must provide a list of tourists and photocopies of their passports, fill out special forms. The route is chosen by agreement with the administration of the reserve, and the application must indicate the exact time and number of days in the conservation area.