At the beginning of the twentieth century in St. Petersburg, which at that time was the capital of the Russian Empire, a peaceful demonstration of workers was shot. This "Bloody Sunday" played a decisive role in the life of society and was the impetus for the development of the revolutionary events of 1905-1907.
The reasons for the 1905 revolution are manifold. At this time, the “crisis of the tops”, which was expressed in the struggle of political
directions, inability to prevent terrorist acts. This caused peasant, workers and student appearances. The contradictions led to the first
bourgeois revolution and determined its nature in accordance with the following goals: the establishment of a bourgeois system in the country, the overthrow of the autocracy, the final destruction of feudalism.
The reasons for the revolution of 1905 are also connected with the fact that autocratic rule, class inequality, lack of rights, and the preservation of semi-serf vestiges did not correspond to the realities of the twentieth century. To the past conflicts and problems were added generated by modernization. For example, the working question arose especially sharply, which was aggravated by the lack of labor legislation, a long working day and low wages. These
social conflicts, as the causes of the 1905 revolution, intertwined with interfaith and interethnic. This led to an even greater split in society. Yes, and the Russo-Japanese War exacerbated dissatisfaction with the existing situation, and also convinced society that the autocratic power can no longer effectively and adequately govern the country.
It is not surprising that social movements in Russia at that time were determined by the opposition
moods. Government forces were very diverse and full-fledged participants in society were not.
The reasons for the revolution of 1905 were also connected with the activities of St. Petersburg clergyman G. Gapon, the leader of the Assembly of Russian Factory Workers. He was put forward a proposal to organize a march, consisting of dissatisfied workers, and present a petition to the king about the needs of people. This idea was supported by the working people. The Social Democrats, in order not to be isolated, made their demands to this document: the establishment of a working day within eight hours, the transfer of land to landowners to peasants, the introduction of freedoms and the organization of the convening of a Constituent Assembly.
This demonstration was shot, resulting in more than 1,200 people killed and 5,000 injured.
The described causes of the revolution of 1905-1907 caused an explosion of indignation in public circles, and by the evening riots broke out in Russia. Workers (revolutionary camp) and petty-bourgeois strata of villages and cities took an active part in them. The landowners, the big bourgeoisie, officers, officials and the clergy opposed them. The revolution of 1905 lasted almost 2.5 years. The reasons that played a decisive role, as we were able to see, are very diverse, they affected the country's social, social and economic structure.