Each engine has some characteristics. Some have more, others have less. Everything is known that for better dynamics a car needs more power, but few people know what engine torque is . In simple terms, this is a moment of force that is applied to the crankshaft in order to crank it into full rotation. It is logical to assume that if it is a force, then it is measured in Nm. Thus, the higher this indicator, the more dynamic the car.
But if the power rises to about 5500-6000 rpm, then the maximum engine torque develops at medium rpm. As for diesel engines, their characteristic is significantly superior to gasoline ones, since the compression ratio in them is almost two times greater, therefore, a lot of energy is applied to the piston, which, subsequently, is transmitted to the crankshaft.
Like it or not, the Quartet is the most common engine. Their volume varies, but manufacturers adhere to just such a design, since it is convenient to place it laterally, in addition, it is not as expensive to manufacture as, say, the Six. But an indisputable fact is the moment that an increase in the number of cylinders, without changing other characteristics, leads to a proportional increase in torque. For example, if the engine torque, which has 4 cylinders and 2 liters of volume, is 150 Nm, then increasing the number of cylinders to 6 will raise it to 225 Nm. Naturally, it is necessary to take into account friction losses and other external forces, so the net increase is about a third, that is, the final result is 200 Nm.
Torque and power are constantly trying to increase. The easiest way to do this is to reduce the volume of the combustion chamber or to increase the compression ratio in other ways . In this case, it is worth remembering about the engine stock, because the cylinder head can simply be torn off the studs or mounting bolts.
The second way is to install a crankshaft with a large knee. In this case, the engine speed will fall, in addition, you need to change the cylinders, because the piston stroke will change. In fact, this is a simple increase in working volume.
Now a little theory. Let's go back to our increase in the number of cylinders. Why is it so effective? The fact is that in the first case (4), an explosion in the combustion chamber occurs every 180 degrees. This means that the entire cylinder stroke uses the energy of one cylinder. In a six-cylinder engine, this explosion occurs every 90 degrees of crankshaft rotation . In this case, while the piston passes half the stroke, another explosion occurs in another cylinder, now two pistons are already turning the crankshaft. When the first reaches bottom dead center, the second will go halfway, an explosion will occur in the third and so on. Obviously, such a design is more efficient.
The engine torque is a rather important characteristic that can distinguish an aggregate from the general row. In conclusion, it is worth adding that more voluminous engines have more torque and more power.