In Russia there are many categories of citizens who need material support. Especially for them, there are different social payments. The types of state benefits depend on the group that the person represents. Such payments are made at the expense of the federal budget of the country.
How are benefits assigned?
Some social benefits are designed to replace the earnings of people who they lost for good reason. And others represent material support for different population groups. The first category includes benefits for temporary disability, unemployment, etc., and the second - lump-sum social payments, the types of which depend on the purpose. In particular, this applies to parenting benefits.
Main classification
There are different types of social benefits that are provided for citizens of the Russian Federation. Depending on the purpose and category of persons. They are one-time and regular.
Monthly social payments, the types of which depend on the recipients, are as follows:
- pensions;
- labor and social benefits;
- family funds;
- regional benefits.
And if we talk about lump-sum social payments, their types are mainly aimed at supporting certain categories, in particular, this applies to young families and university graduates:
- maternal capital;
- payments for pregnant women and at birth;
- social benefits for specialists;
- regional programs and much more.
And this is not a complete list of social charges.
Pension
This type of social assistance is provided by the state through special bodies; in this case, funds are allocated from a fund intended specifically for these payments.
Pensions in our country are received by disabled citizens and their guardians, as well as older people.
The size of payments depends on what salary they received during the performance of their labor activities. Therefore, for different people they are charged in different ways.
The types and sizes of social payments, pensions in particular, depend not only on the earnings of citizens, but also on the type of activity. So, former military or employees of internal organs can rely on certain bonuses to basic benefits.
As for the size, the average insurance pension in Russia is about 13 thousand rubles, and if it was assigned for state security, then 8.5 thousand, respectively.
Labor and social benefits
The first type of payment is assigned to citizens who are in a relationship with the company and for certain reasons have lost their ability to work for a while. Benefits of this type are funded by insurance companies. The amount of payments depends on the earnings of the citizen. This includes benefits for pregnant and young mothers from enterprises, in addition to lump-sum and other income.
Social payments are also provided, their types and sizes depend on the category of the recipient, but they are not related to his labor activity. It may not work at all, but get them. All types of social
compensation payments of this kind are aimed at providing material support. Their sizes are fixed. For example, the monthly allowance for caring for the first child up to one and a half years in 2016 is a little more than 2700 rubles, and for the second - about 5400, respectively.
Social benefits are funded by government funds. They are assigned to disabled and unemployed citizens who cannot rely on labor pensions and other types of security. In addition to young mothers, they receive disabilities and disabled citizens of different ages.
Family benefits
These types of social payments are intended for the purpose of providing material support to those families that incur additional costs in connection with raising children and other cases. They can be assigned as additional assistance, regardless of other incomes of people. The size is set depending on the minimum wage. Such benefits include pensions for providing disabled children, payments for single mothers, low-income and large families.
Benefits and in-kind assistance
Along with payments, there are other social programs for those who need them. These include benefits and subsistence benefits.
The first category is when the state partially or fully pays for utilities, transportation, medicines, studies and trips to children's camps or sanatoriums for older people.
And under natural security is understood the transfer to the ownership or temporary use of certain material values. For example, people with disabilities may receive vehicles or other items that provide comfort.
Different types of social benefits are agreed upon both at the federal and regional levels.
Help for the unemployed
According to the relevant federal law, persons who for one reason or another are deprived of labor, but are capable at the same time, can rely on such material compensations as:
- unemployment benefit;
- scholarship payments for vocational training, advanced training or retraining courses;
- payment of public works;
- reimbursement of expenses when moving to a new place, in connection with employment on the proposal of the employment center.
Unemployment benefits are paid in the amount of 60 to 100 percent of earned funds, depending on the continuous working experience of a citizen. However, it cannot exceed the amount per month, which is regulated at the legislative level.
Innovations - 2016
This year, the government of the Russian Federation and the State Duma adopted decisions that are aimed at saving federal and regional budgets and they relate directly to social security.
According to them, the circle of recipients of allowances and benefits has narrowed significantly, it is formed on the basis of the principles of need of a particular group. It was also decided not to index social payments, which was carried out regularly before that at the beginning of each year. They left only an increase in the amount of actual inflation - 2015, it has been operating since February.
Children's benefits
These payments, as mentioned earlier, are monthly and one-time.
As of this year, a one-time financial assistance for a newborn is a little less than 15 thousand rubles. If there are two or three kids, then the amount is multiplied by the number of children.
To receive the payment, the mother is obliged to apply at the place of work, and if she did not have it, then to the social security agency.
A similar amount is received from the state and foster parents, who take on the support of a foster child. It is much higher if several children are taken into custody, related to each other by relatives, or babies with various deviations.
In addition to a lump sum payment, parents receive benefits until the child is 1.5 years old. With repeated replenishment, the family receives a certificate for maternity capital worth 450 thousand rubles. It can be invested in real estate, training or funded pension.
Types of state social benefits in Russia are quite diverse, it all depends on the financial situation of citizens, category (senior citizen, disabled person, young mother, etc.), as well as the region of residence.