Let us voice one interesting fact: in Germany, one of the most effective pension systems in Europe. Why? Read on.
The main types of payments
Pensions in Germany are divided into three categories:
- Issued by age.
- Dependent benefits (they are accrued in case of loss of the breadwinner).
- Disability payments, if there is a complete and professional disability in a person.
Details
Consider the first type - these are pensions in Germany, which are issued by age. This includes several types of payments:
- General payments when a person reaches 67 years of age (valid from 2012), if there is an employment history of at least 5 years.
- Benefits for the loss of (partial or full) working ability of people when they reach the age of 60 years, if the person was deemed unfit for work and his experience of 35 years.
- Payments by age of the unemployed or those who are part-time, with an age of 60 years. This applies to those people who have been without official employment for the last 1.5 years, as well as to employees working part-time for at least 52 weeks or 24 months. Work experience should be from 15 years.
- Payments to those who have more than 35 years of experience in the country.
- Payments only to women born in 1952 who have reached 60 years of age and have experience in the country of 15 years. 10 years and 1 month should fall on the period after their forty years of age.
- Benefits for miners with experience of 25 years and over 60 years.
Pensions in Germany are not automatically accrued. It is necessary to apply for a certain type of payment. To do this, you will have to fill out a special form. Only people who have earned it can receive a retirement pension. Such a right cannot be transferred, it arises under the conditions described in the laws. The main requirement is the onset of an appropriate age, determined separately for each category.
Significant moment
To receive a pension in Germany, you need to have a number of years of
work that is insured. This is called Wartezeit. It all depends on the type of benefit. This period can range from 5 to 35 years.
The average pension in Germany in 2013 is 1266 euros.
Insurance
There are several types of collateral in this country. There are three main levels:
- Obligatory state security.
- Insurance at enterprises.
- Non-state support, private foundations.
State insurance is mandatory for all people whose monthly income is more than 3900 euros before taxes. The system is quite traditional. Its essence is that deductions to the fund are made from working residents, and pensioners live due to this. The principle of redistribution operates in the country - this is a kind of agreement of solidarity of people of different generations. There is no accumulation of deposited funds, they are immediately used. Many Germans with a high level of income refuse public services, turning to private owners. It is popular with farmers and entrepreneurs. The payer himself decides how much he will deduct when he signs his pension insurance contract.
The size of the pension in Germany is decent, we have something to learn from them. The inhabitants of this country are sure that if they do not take care of their own security in old age, then no one will do this. Therefore, do not think that the high benefit is the merit of only the state authorities of the country, as many Russians believe.