One can talk endlessly about the role of mother in human life. Many autobiographical stories confirm this significant role. Not only giving birth, maintaining, but also raising a worthy citizen of the state is not an easy task.
Medals of the USSR
Not every woman is in the Soviet years, and now she is awarded the title "Mother Heroine". One of the categories "Medals of the USSR" - the maternity medal appeared on July 8, 1944 thanks to the Decree of the USSR Supreme Council. This date coincided with the Orthodox holiday of the family, which in modern Russia has again gained relevance. In addition to the maternity medal, the title “Mother Heroine” was awarded system of awards of the Soviet Union, extraordinary for the union of 15 republics. At the beginning of 1940 Soviet women, who gave life and upbringing to five or more children, received this honor.
Award Classification
In the case of a woman giving birth to five children, she was entitled to the Medal of Maternity 2 degree award. Those who have 7–9 children were awarded the Order of “Mother Glory” of the third, second, and first degrees. Provided that the woman gave birth and raised 6 children - “Medal of motherhood 1 degree”.
The peak of the feat of mother proclaimed the birth of ten babies or more. In such cases, a Soviet woman was awarded the Order of Mother Heroine with the honorary title of the same name. The authors of the art projects of orders for mothers were:
- N.N. Zhukov (draft medal of the USSR - “Medal of motherhood”).
- I.I. Dubasov (“Maternal Glory”).
- I.A. Ganf is the author of the Order Mother Heroine.
Orders to Heroine Mothers
The order "Mother Heroine" was a convex five-pointed star on a background of silver rays. The Order of "Maternal Glory" has an oval shape and a silver tint. In the upper section, a red banner flutters with the words “Maternal Glory” and the number of degrees. In the left sector is a woman with a child and roses. Below the banner is a white enamel shield with the words "USSR". The metal block is made in the shape of a bow painted with white enamel with a blue stripe. Order of the second degree of bright blue color.
The Order of "Maternal Glory" had 3 degrees. At the same time, with the awarding of these awards, a system of measures entered into force. This was to help women on maternity leave, single mothers. A lot of money was allocated for the establishment of benefits and allowances, lump-sum payments, the protection of childhood and motherhood, the creation of a network of kindergartens, schools, etc.
Hero Moms Who are they
The first time the title "Mother Heroine" was awarded October 27, 1944. This title was awarded to 14 Soviet women. Mom-heroine number 1 was A.S. Aleksakhina. All her eight sons were at the front, 4 of them died, 2 died of wounds, having already come from the front. The second order bearer was the Tula housewife M.M. Ryzhkova. Of her ten children, 7 were in the war — six sons and a daughter.
SV Ignatieva, a resident of the city on the Neva, also earned the title "Mother Heroine". The four sons of Serafima Vasilievna fought for their homeland. 3 daughters remained in the besieged city. The whole Ignatyev family worked at the defense enterprise of the besieged city. All 7 children received the “For the Defense of Leningrad” award.
Few people know that A.A. occupies a special place in the history of heroine mothers. Derevskaya. She is the only mother heroine in the USSR who raised 48 children! And the basis of the family was not kinship, but love and compassion. At the time that the First World War went on, she worked in a hospital. There, her fate brought together the Red Guard Emely Derevsky. Soon they got married, but Emelyan was shot by the White Guards.
In 1918, young Alexandra became an adoptive mother. Her adoptive first-born was a ten-year-old Timothy - the brother of the deceased husband. The second adopted child was also a boy, Derevskaya picked him up right on the street. The baby was lying wrapped in diapers near the body of the deceased mother. The autobiography of the Derevskikh family, like a mirror, reflected all the tragic events experienced by the Soviet state for half a century. In the interval between the Civil War and the war against fascist Germany, Derevskaya Alexandra raised 14 children.
In the period 1941-1945. 17 new Leningrad orphans and 18 children from other parts of the USSR acquired a new parental home. In 1950, 36 children were brought up in the Derevskikh house. All children from the Derevsky family grew up as good people. The legendary mother heroine died in 1959, she was 57 years old. The following epitaph is engraved on her grave: "You are our conscience, our prayer is mother."
Medals of the USSR, maternity medal at sunset of the Soviet Union
The last time in the history of the Soviet Union was the assignment of a title to mother heroines November 14, 1991 (by decree of President M.S. Gorbachev). Medals of the USSR (medal of motherhood of the first and second degrees) also went down in history. In just 47 years, 431,000 mothers have been awarded this order.
In the 90s in Russia, mothers of many children were awarded the Order of Merit to the Fatherland or the Order of Friendship. In 2009, the Order of Parental Glory was established. They are awarded to parents raising 4 and more children.