Our world is simply inconceivable without high-ranking politicians and various officials. Many of them did not gain fame, even while remaining alive and fulfilling the functions assigned to them, however, there are individuals who are remembered even two decades after their death. One of these historical characters is Yitzhak Rabin. His biography will be examined in detail in this article.
Birth and parents
The future Nobel Peace Prize laureate was born on the first March day of 1922. His dad was Nehemiah Rabin , and his mother was Rosa Cohen . Moreover, his father was a native of Ukraine, and at the age of eighteen he ended up in the United States, where he joined the Zionist labor movement " Poalei Zion " . In the same time period, he transformed his own surname Rubitsov to Rabin . And in 1917, the young man did come to Palestine in order to become a soldier of the " Jewish Legion " , which was then supervised by the British authorities.
Mom Yitzhak was born in the city of Mogilev , located in Belarus . Rosa was the daughter of a forest merchant. In addition, her relatives were very educated and respected people who managed to succeed in politics. So, in particular, her cousin became an Israeli diplomat and a member of the Knesset from the Mapay faction. In 1919, Rosa Cohen was in Palestine, sailing there on the first ship from the Russian Empire. In the new country, the woman originally lived in Jerusalem, and after she moved to Haifa, where she became one of the founders of the Hagana cell, and a little later her leader. For her efforts to realize women's rights, she received the unspoken nickname Red Rose.
Admission to military service
At the age of nineteen, Yitzhak Rabin , whose family always supported all his endeavors, voluntarily joined the “ Palm ” - a special shock unit “ Hagan ” , which later became an integral part of the Israel Defense Forces. It should be noted that subsequently, even after the division was disbanded, for many years its former members held leading posts in the Israeli political world, art, and literature.
First rise
Four years after the beginning of his military career, Yitzhak Rabin was able to become the first deputy battalion commander in the detachment. However, as a result of the British conducting a special operation on June 29, 1945 he was arrested, but released after five months. After passing such a test, a young Jew wanted to go to the United States to receive an education, but received a ban on leaving his country.
A little later, our hero took part in the war for the independence of Israel and even supervised various military operations in Jerusalem, fought with the Egyptians in the Negev desert .
Personal life
In 1948, Yitzhak Rabin married a German immigrant named Lea Schlossberg . In marriage, they had two children: a son, Yuval and a daughter, Dahlia.
Education
Yitzhak Rabin , whose political activities will be described below, graduated from the Kaduri Agricultural School in 1940. In 1953, he successfully completed his studies at British Staff College.
Dangerous Memoirs
At the sunset of the 1970s, Yitzhak Rabin described his life memories in a book called Pinkas Cherut . In this work, he mentioned an episode that for many years had kept him awake. This happened during the War of Independence , when the Army of Defense expelled fifty thousand Palestinians from the town of Lod Ramle with the use of force. This fact was removed from the final version of the books that were published by the special government committee, which closely monitored the print media of the Israeli ministers. This was done in order to exclude the possibility of harming the security of Israel.
Highest Military Achievements
In the period from 1956 to 1959. Yitzhak Rabin served as Major General of the Israel Defense Forces.
Thereafter and until 1963 he was the first deputy head of the general staff of the country. Between 1964 and 1968 headed the defense department. It was thanks to his knowledge, experience and extraordinary thinking that the Israeli army managed to win a brilliant and extremely important victory over the forces of the military who attacked the country from Egypt, Jordan and Syria.
Care for politics
After completing his military service in February 1968, Yitzhak Rabin , whose origin did not raise any doubts about his Jewish roots, was appointed to the post of Israeli Ambassador to the United States of America.
Five years later, he was recalled from Washington home, where he became a member of the Avoda party. After another year, the politician was elected to the Knesset, which allowed him to become the Minister of Labor of Israel. In the summer of 1974, he did become the prime minister of the state - after Golda Meir resigned. It is worth noting that the government under the leadership of Rabin was constantly unstable, since Yitzhak was in conflict with the then head of the Ministry of Defense, Shimon Peres.
As the head of the Cabinet of Ministers, Yitzhak was able to reach interim agreements with Syria and Egypt, personally direct the operation aimed at the release of Israeli hostages in Uganda.
Scandal
On March 15, 1977, an article was published in the Haaretz newspaper stating that in the USA there is a bank account opened in the name of Leah Rabin . Since the overseas account for Israeli citizens was illegal at that time, Yitzhak had no choice but to take full responsibility for this episode and resign on April 7.
New round
In 1984, Rabin returned to the post of Minister of Defense and held him until 1990. During the First Intifada, he decided to resort to extremely harsh measures and ordered his subordinates to literally break the bones of all Palestinian demonstrators without exception. But as the conflict progressed, the general realized that the solution to the Arab-Israeli conflict lies not in the force plane, but in the direction of the peace negotiations of both sides of the conflict.
Once again, he succeeded in taking the post of prime minister in 1992. A year later, he sat down at the Oslo negotiating table with Yasser Arafat and signed peace agreements. It was for this step that Yitzhak subsequently received the Nobel Peace Prize. However, in Israel itself, such a step on the part of Rabin was treated in two ways. The reason is that between Palestine and Israel there was mutual mutual recognition of each other as separate states, as a result of which the Palestinian Authority gained control of the territory of the Gaza Strip and the western bank of the Jordan River. A lot of Israelis accused Yitzhak of betraying the interests of their country and blamed him for the deaths of thousands of Jews who died after the agreements in Oslo.
And on October 24, 1994, an Israeli politician signed a peace treaty with Jordan.
End of life
On November 4, 1995, Yitzhak Rabin spoke at a rally of many thousands at the Kings of Israel Square in support of the ongoing Oslo process. At the moment when the Prime Minister, after finishing his fiery speech, was walking towards his car, he was shot three times, as a result of which he died forty minutes later in the hospital. His killer turned out to be a student named Yigal Amir, who explained his act by protecting the people of Israel from treacherous agreements.
Yitzhak Rabin , whose murder caused a wide resonance not only in the state, but throughout the world, was interred on the mountain of Herzl (Jerusalem). At the funeral of politics, many heads of other countries arrived, including the United States, Egypt, Jordan. The son of the deceased, Yuval , received daily letters from all over the world with words of condolences. The death of Yitzhak made him a real symbol and idol for the Israeli left camp.
St. Yitzhak Rabin - these are exactly the signs that appeared in 2005 on the many streets of Israel. Also in honor of the politician were named bridges, avenues, districts, schools, boulevards, gardens, a theater, synagogues, a hospital, a military base and even an electric station.
In 1997, the Law on Remembrance Day ruled that every 12th day of the month of Khevshan according to the Jewish calendar would become an officially approved memorial day of Yitzhak Rabin .
By the way, a remarkable fact: one of the streets in Nuremberg, named in honor of the deceased prime minister, intersects with the avenue, which was named after another Israeli politician - Ben-Gurion .
Yitzhak Rabin is still honored. For example, in 2009, on the day of his assassination , a rally was held in Tel Aviv at which a video message from then-US President Barack Obama was shown. The American politician expressed confidence that a final peace will surely be achieved between Palestinians and Israelis.