The value of blood is difficult to overestimate. This fluid fully ensures the functioning of organs and tissues and removes waste metabolic products. It is due to blood that each cell of the body is able to fully exist.
Blood is more than half plasma. Plasma is a fluid that contains a suspension of blood elements — they make up about ten percent of plasma. The composition of blood plasma is extremely diverse - these are amino acids, and peptides, bilirubin, creatine, and many other inclusions. In addition, proteins are one of the most important elements in blood plasma.
Depending on their structure, proteins are also divided into groups - these are albumin, fibrinogen, globulins and prothrombin. All of them are part of the blood plasma, performing various functions. Blood plasma , whose functions are very numerous, is recommended for transfusion in case of surgical intervention. In many ways, it is plasma that can help a person who needs a transfusion.
Albumin are the most abundant among all proteins. They are very light (the smallest molecular weight among all the elements), so they are easily transported and combined with other elements. Albumin in the liver is formed. The second largest protein category is globulins, which are also produced by the liver. Significantly less plasma contains fibrinogen - it is only about four percent, but nevertheless it is very important for many protective processes. And quite a bit in the blood contains prothrombin.
Proteins that make up blood plasma perform various functions. Due to them, there is a distribution of water between tissues and vessels, the liquid medium remains constant, the cells are provided with nutrients and are "cleaned" of metabolic products, spent and not needed for the body. In addition, proteins take an active part in the protective function.
Albumins support osmotic blood pressure . This means that they are responsible for the correct blood fluid pressure at every point in the body. If part of the albumin in the blood falls, this can lead to the elimination of fluid and the formation of edema (a vivid example of a decrease in the level of albumin is gestosis of the second half of pregnancy). Another important function of albumin is the transport of various substances. Albumins carry both beneficial nutrients and toxins, which are neutralized by the body in the liver.
Globulins are largely responsible for the body's immunity, agglutination (the ability of red blood cells to adhere, and as a result , the blood group is determined ).
Prothrombin in combination with fibrinogen gives us an indicator of blood viscosity, which is especially important, because the highest mortality in post-Soviet countries is from cardiovascular diseases. The composition of blood plasma in many respects affects the ability of blood vessels and the heart to the optimal transfer of blood throughout the body. It is prothrombin that regulates viscosity, which means that it affects the ability of blood vessels to easily transfer blood throughout the body.
Fibrinogen is an active participant in the coagulation process. It is due to fibrinogen that fibrin filaments are formed, which form a thrombus - clot. With the opening bleeding, it is precisely the action of fibrinogen that contributes to the arrest of blood and the formation of a blood clot and crust (if the wound hole is on the surface). This coagulation ability of the blood saves the body from significant blood loss. However, some people suffer from a disease such as hemophilia - the inability to form blood clots. If the X chromosome has a glitch in the information, this can lead to the absence of prolapse of fibrin filaments, and, therefore, the impossibility of the formation of a blood clot. This defect once again illustrates how important fibrinogen performs, because hemophiliacs are under constant fear of death from blood loss at the slightest damage.
The composition of blood plasma is diverse, but it is proteins that play the most important function. It is important for a person to regularly undergo tests to determine the amount of protein elements and, if necessary, take measures to establish homeostasis in the blood medium.