Installation in any part of the room and in soil conditions allows you to make an ASB cable, the decoding of the abbreviation of which sounds like this:
A - these are conductive conductors made of aluminum;
C is a lead sheath;
B - additional steel protection.
You can meet such a variety - a product with the designation ASBL. In this case, “l” is a bitumen tape that is under the armor.
There are many kinds of power cables. Therefore, an additional one can be added to the main letter code, for example, “ozh” in brackets means one core.
Application
To transfer the voltage of electricity with a frequency of 50 Hz and a voltage of 1 to 10 kV, an ASB cable is used.
Leading it to the desired installation, use an underground laying of soil or in a trench. Corrosion protection in this case can be small or medium. It can also be laid in places with possible mechanical influences, because the ASB cable is protected. But even booking is not able to protect against tensile loads and
stray current. This should be considered when laying.
Installation conditions
It is possible to operate the ASB cable, the characteristics of which correspond to GOST 18410-73, in different conditions: in any part of the building and on the surface of the walls. It can be called universal, because it is not afraid of extreme temperatures. Their range can be -50 ... + 50 degrees, humidity can reach 98%. Its installation is carried out at zero air temperatures even without pre-heating.
It is allowed to allow heating up to 70 degrees during operation, up to 90 degrees in emergency mode, with a short circuit it is able to withstand 200 degrees.
Excessive bending of the radius should not be allowed, which is 25 diameters for cables with one core, and no more than 15 diameters for multicore.
The warranty period is 5 years, and the service life exceeds 30 years. You can store products in an open way for no more than 2 years, in a building with a canopy - 5 years, in a closed warehouse - 10 years. Generalized electrical data on the ASB cable, the technical characteristics of which were considered, can be presented in the form of a table.
Resistance of conductors at a temperature of 20 degrees 1 km long (Ohm) |
single wire | 29.11 |
non-wire | 29.4 |
Insulation resistance per 1 km of length at a temperature of 20 ° C, (Ohm) |
1 kV cables | 100 |
10 or 6 kV cables | 200 |
Product design
The power module is placed inside a pressed lead tube. Protection from bitumen is needed to prevent metal corrosion; polyethylene terephthalate fibers and crepe paper serve the same task.
Several layers of steel tape make up the armor, while fiberglass and bitumen represent the outer layer.
Distinctive features of ASB and ASBL grades are their use in soils of low and medium corrosion activity, with significant significance they use ASB2l grades.
What does it consist of?
The ASB cable consists of the following elements:
- Heart - conductive wires of one or more wires made of aluminum or copper.
- The next layer is insulation. Its role is played by paper, which is impregnated with a specialized composition, it is wound in several layers.
- There is a belt insulation. In this case, the paper is impregnated with a non-leaking, viscous composition.
- Lead tube performs core and insulation protection.
- To strengthen and protect against corrosion of a steel tube, crepe paper with bitumen or polyethylene terephthalate fibers are used.
- The next layer is armor with steel tapes.
- The latter is external, made of bitumen or glass.
Operating conditions
A viscous impregnated product may not be used without a locking sleeve due to restrictions on installation levels. Their difference should be no more than 15 meters between the upper and lower points. If these are low-voltage armored products or having an aluminum shell, then a difference of no more than 25 meters can be allowed.
A different number of cores and a cross section has an ASB cable. Its weight directly depends on these indicators and the outer diameter. The larger the cross-section and diameter, the greater the mass of the product.
Manufacturing process
The shape of the conductive core depends on the cross section. If this parameter is up to 16 mm 2 for stranded and all sections of one core, then its shape is necessarily round. The manufacture of this design allows ASB cable with a parameter of not more than 50 mm 2 .
The form, divided into segments or sectors, must be present in the core with a cross section equal to 25 mm 2 , having a waist insulation. Seal during production without fail you need cables with segmented and multi-wire cores.
Single-wire with a sector radius of rounding is made not less than 0.5 mm 2 .
In the process of impregnating cable insulation from paper with compositions on a viscous basis, the tapes must be smooth without wrinkles, tears. And the liquid itself should not be subject to leakage, even if the cores are heated.
It is forbidden to match more than 3 tapes, which are applied one on one, when insulating with ASB paper with a voltage of 6 kV. If we are talking about tapes that are adjacent directly to the cores and screens, then the allowed match is no more than 2. One coincidence can be considered cuts and folds over 50 m of two tapes that are located one above the other.
Stranded ASB with insulated elements are twisted with paper tows, filling the space between them. The cores insulated by sectors of multicore cables during 1 kV may not twist without filling.
Nowadays, many companies produce ASB cable. Its price will depend not only on the manufacturer, but also on the scope of its application. The average cost is from 250 to 800 rubles per meter.
Core marking
The ASB cable, whose technical characteristics are marked, has the following designations in different elements of its design. Isolated conductors must be distinguished by their colors or special numbers. At the same time, the designation applied to them is not subject to erasure and is well read. Marking is made with ribbons of different colors. The designation in numbers is done using special embossing or using printing.
The hue is different from the core itself. The numbers are the same color.
ASB cable. Decoding of marking on a tape
The value is set from 1 to 4, starting with the insulating surface or tape, which is on top. Moreover, each number has its own shade, 4 - black, 3 - red, 2 - green or blue, 1 - white.
The zero core is not always indicated, and its color may be different.
On the insulation of the core, between the numbers, a certain distance is provided, which is no more than 35 millimeters.
At least 3 meters later, information is indicated that contains data on the release date and manufacturer. To make the ASB cable with a diameter of more than 20 millimeters inside the shell, use the difference thread of different colors. Cable tape is made of paper in a natural color.
Its absence over a meter in length cannot be allowed. Its width is not less than a centimeter, the cipher height is not less than 6 millimeters.
Make the right choice of cable will help a specialist. Only he can understand the variety of brands and their purpose. Also, the master can make the necessary calculation of the sufficiency and consumption of the material.
So, we found out what the ASB cable is, and reviewed its technical characteristics.