It is unlikely that there will be a place on the globe where there are no bacteria. They abound in salt lakes, permafrost in the Arctic, jets of high-temperature geysers, deep layers of the oceans, and the bowels of the earth's crust. The reader learns about where the largest number of bacteria is from the article.
What are bacteria?
These are microorganisms that consist of just one cell. The following types are distinguished:
- The bacteria are round, spherical in shape - cocci.
- Rod-shaped bacteria are bacilli.
- Spiral-bent shape - Spirillas.
- Hairy - spirochetes.
The habitat of bacteria are soil, water, the human body and animals. They exist where other microorganisms do not survive. The substances necessary for life - carbon, water, ammonia, sulfur compounds, nitrates - are given to bacteria by the environment. As a result of complex chemical reactions, inorganic substances are converted by bacteria into biochemical products necessary for their vital functions and reproduction, which occurs by dividing the cell in half. This process will continue until there are enough nutrients in the environment.
The role of bacteria is great. They destroy organic matter, cleaning the environment from impurities. But these smallest creatures fulfill not only a positive role, but also a negative one. Certain types of microorganisms spoil food products with their presence. The most dangerous pathogenic bacteria. They are a source of dangerous diseases: pneumonia, plague, syphilis, tuberculosis and others.
Microflora of water
In water, as well as in soil, a wide variety of microorganisms lives. For them, this environment is natural. Where do you have the most bacteria? A huge number of bacteria can be observed in open reservoirs and groundwater. They abound in chopsticks, mushrooms, cocci, vibrios, viruses and many other species.
The number of microorganisms in water can be judged by the content of organic compounds, which, in the same way as in the soil, undergo transformations. One milliliter of water may contain more than several million different bacteria. Most of them can be found in ground water. In groundwater there are fewer of them, because, seeping through the soil, water undergoes a kind of filtration.
Where does the largest number of bacteria live? In open water. Their number varies and depends on a number of reasons. Climatic conditions affect the number of microorganisms. Pollution of water bodies by industrial wastes, wastewater contributes to their reproduction, since the water contains large quantities of organic substances. Thanks to the rapid multiplication of bacteria, it simply does not have time to clear itself, which, in turn, leads to environmental problems.
For reference: drinking water is good if one milliliter contains no more than a hundred bacteria. A liquid containing 100-150 bacteria in one milliliter is doubtful. Contaminated water is considered, one milliliter of which accounts for five hundred bacteria or more.
What items have more bacteria in the house?
It turns out that regular mopping and dusting is not enough to protect yourself from bacteria. The house is filled with tons of things. To destroy harmful microorganisms, you need to know on what objects they accumulate in large quantities. Experts found that bacteria reproduce most actively in the following subjects: chopping board, dishcloth, door handles, water taps, television remote control, switches, telephone. Therefore, at least once a week they should be wiped with disinfectant solutions and washed with bactericidal agents.
Microflora of air
Air is an unfavorable environment for bacteria. Here microorganisms do not constantly live, but are temporarily, while moving from one place to another. The air does not contain nutrients, there is no constant temperature and very often there is no moisture, but there are a lot of sun rays that have a detrimental effect on bacteria.
The microflora of air does not have a constant composition. Here you can find micrococci, mushrooms, yeast, resistant to drying and ultraviolet rays. Most bacteria are found in the air of the lower atmosphere. Pathogens are found: tubercle bacillus, viruses, staphylococci.
Microorganisms enter the air with dust, liquid from the surface of water, soil, animals, plants, vehicles, with saliva and mucus when sneezing, talking and coughing. The state of the air also depends on the microflora of the soil. The largest number of bacteria is found in the air in dry summer weather over large cities. There are few of them in the mountain air, in the north, above forests, oceans and lakes.
Soil microflora
With the help of bacteria, the process of soil formation, self-purification, the circulation of carbon, nitrogen takes place. Soil is a natural habitat for various types of microorganisms. Most bacteria are found in water, soil, moreover, the surface of the soil has a relatively small amount. Thicknesses of clots of organic substances and dying plant roots are the most favorable environment for the development of bacteria.
The microflora of the soil is very diverse. It is rich in various physiological groups of bacteria. The most active microorganisms develop in the basal zones of plants, which are called the rhizosphere. The largest number of bacteria is found in the soil - there are more of them than in air and even water.
Bacteria in the urine
Some believe that the largest number of bacteria is found in the urine, but this opinion is erroneous. Urine is a normal sterile product. The presence of other agents means that a pathology develops in the body.
If pathogens are present in the urine, this condition is called bacteriuria. So, in the human body is an inflammatory process. This occurs with various diseases.
However, a large number of bacteria in the urine may be due to improper collection of biomaterial. But often microbes enter the urine from the intestines. This way of their penetration is called ascending.
If the analysis revealed an abundance of pathogenic microorganisms in the biofluid, appropriate therapy is definitely prescribed. Bacteriuria is characterized by pain in the lower abdomen, frequent urination with blood and a disgusting smell. Urine may be cloudy with cereal. With inflammation of the bladder, the temperature does not increase, but if the infection gets into the kidneys - this is quite possible.