The planning of educational activities with the aim of enhancing cognition and the assimilation of knowledge is one of the important directions in the development and upbringing of the personality at the present stage. The educational process is greatly influenced by the applied pedagogical technologies, means, forms, methods and learning styles.
The concept of "forms of learning" in pedagogy
Methods and forms of teaching in pedagogy are criteria that have a mutual influence. Forms should be understood as ways of organizing training, which are closely related to the order of its implementation, time and place of holding, the number of students. The basis of the form is the leading method. The ways in which the student and students work together in the process of solving educational problems are the learning method.
Concrete and general forms of teaching in pedagogy are distinguished . Specific ones include a lesson, laboratory classes, electives, homework, practical classes, consultations, forms of control, etc.
Characterization of forms of education
A lesson is a form of training intended for a specific team. She is characterized by work on the same material of a constant composition of trainees, strict regulation. Lessons are divided into the following types:
- lecture lessons, during which the material is presented by the teacher. But, using his skill and pedagogical experience, the teacher can conduct them in the form of an active conversation with students;
- such forms of training in pedagogy as practical (laboratory) classes contribute to the practical application of acquired skills and development of skills;
- to the lessons in which the control and verification of knowledge takes place, belong test tasks, control, independent work ;
- combined lessons may include the following steps: repetition of the studied - monitoring of homework - interviews in oral or written form, etc .;
assimilation of material provided by the program;
work on skills to apply practically acquired knowledge;
setting tasks for homework.
- electives as a form of teaching in pedagogy set as their task a more in-depth study of subjects. Their students attend at will;
- excursions allow you to directly get acquainted with the studied objects;
- extra-curricular activities, including circles, participation in competitions and contests, contribute to the development and manifestation of individual abilities of students;
- homework contributes to the development of skills to work independently.
Forms of education that meet modern requirements
Modern education sets new requirements for the teacher: his functions and role in the learning process are changing. Therefore, innovative forms of training are designed to transform the very content of the teacher. Gradually, the process of orientation of students to the use of new technologies. Therefore, the priority task is the application of new methods in training, new approaches to organizing and conducting classes and independent work.
The realities of today show that modern forms of education should primarily be aimed at developing the necessary knowledge and skills in students in the process of meaningful, meaningful and interesting activity for them using material and information objects.
Non-standard lessons as modern forms of learning are one of the important means that form a high interest in learning in pupils. They also help relieve stress, help in developing learning activities, and affect children emotionally. Thanks to this, more solid and deeper knowledge is formed in students.
Therefore, innovative forms of learning can be represented by the following types of non-standard lessons:
- a training session in the form of a game and competition (business, role-playing, KVN, quiz, duel, tournament, competition, relay race, etc.);
- lesson-study, lesson-interview, lesson-commentary, lesson-analysis of primary sources;
- lessons with an unconventional form of studying material (lesson of revelation, lesson of wisdom, etc.);
- lessons that are in the nature of public forms of communication (discussion, telecast, dialogue, press conference, etc.);
- a lesson that mimics the activities of institutions (editorial board, court, academic council);
- lesson-creative fantasy (surprise, fairy tale, lesson of the future).
The teacher in his work must creatively combine both tradition and innovation.