The Nerl River (the right tributary of the Volga) is not the only one in the Russian Federation with that name, but the most significant of the same name. It originates in the Yaroslavl region on the Somin lake near the city of Pereslavl-Zalessky, and flows into the Volga in the Tver region, into the Klyazma reservoir. But the section from Lake Somin to Pleshcheyev is not the Nerl. This is a separate river, it has the name Veksa. The area of the Nerl's water intake basin is 3.2 thousand square kilometers, the total length is 112 kilometers. On the territory of the Tver region, the river is mostly flooded by the Uglich reservoir. Other names: Nerl Bolshaya or Nerl Volzhskaya. The etymology of the name of the river is associated with the Finno-Ugric language. The root "ner" means a pond, from it comes the name of the lake - Nero.
Features of the Nerl River
The Nerl River on the map is mainly located in the Tver region, on the territory of Yaroslavl there is a section of the riverbed 60 kilometers long. The average annual water consumption is 12 cubic meters per second. It stands under the ice for about 5 months: it freezes in the second half of November and opens in mid-April. By spring, ice can reach a thickness of 100 cm off the coast. Water supply is mixed, with a predominance of snow - 90%. Underground sources play a smaller role - 15%. Spring floods are typical - up to 35 days. But in the fall, floods are also possible if rainfall is seriously above normal. In certain "wet" years, one flood can be replaced by another, thus, overflow of water can last up to 100 days. Even less water rain feed - 10%. The largest tributaries of the Nerl: Kubr, Vyulka and Saber.
Chemical composition of water
The Nerl River shows the following parameters of water salinity: in flood - 96.9 mg / liter, in summer - 399, in winter - 534. The chemical composition is formed mainly by rainwater, which includes not only sea evaporation, but also industrial emissions, agricultural fertilizers and exhausts of various vehicles. Mineralization of water in the summer is greatly increased. In rainy autumn, the concentration of minerals decreases again, but as soon as freezing passes, it increases and by March can reach a maximum mark of 800 mg / liter. The chemical peculiarity of Nerl’s water, as well as the water bodies of its basin, is the presence of bicarbonate ions. Water in the river belongs to the category of hard water - above 6 mg.eq / liter.
History and settlements
The Nerl River is the small homeland of the Russian fleet, since it was on it, in Pereslavl-Zalessky, that the first boat was launched by Peter I. The most famous settlement on the waterway is the village of Sknyatino. It is located on the Sknyatinsky Peninsula. In the old days there was a large city at that time - Ksnyatin. It was founded by Yuri Dolgoruky at the beginning of the XII century. Later, the city became a fortress on the border of the Vladimir-Suzdal principality. But at the beginning of the XIII century Ksnyatin was devastated by the Novgorodians during the internecine wars of the specific princes. Then ravaged in a raid by a detachment of the Golden Horde. And by the end of the XIII century, it was burned again during the princely feuds. In the XIV century, Ksnyatin is still mentioned in the Kashin principality. And already in the 15th century, the Nerl River has on its bank instead of the city the village of Sknyatino.
Fishing on the Nerl River
The Nerl River is rich in various fish. Fishermen from all over Russia go to her both in winter and in summer. There are especially many fishing spots from the confluence of the water stream with the Kubar tributary and to the Wolf itself. The Nerl River (Tver Region) from the tributary of the Saber begins to part in width: from 50 meters to 500 at the Volga. At the very beginning it is good to fish in the wiring in the backwaters, at the rubble, in the snag. In the same way, you can fish in the fall for bleak, chub, ide, roach, pike, crucian carp and perch. At the confluence of the Nerl and Kubri there is a very deep place where large specimens live. People come here to catch bream on the donka. Places along the coast are quiet, wooded and very picturesque. This is what attracts the Nerl River. Fishing here, in addition, guarantees a stable catch.
Tourism
On the Nerl you can raft on rafts, rubber boats and kayaks. The complexity of the route is 6.5 points. The length is 60 kilometers. The route is especially relevant in late May - early June. It begins in Pereslavl-Zalessky. It goes along the Somin lake, through the villages of Zheltikovo, Svyatovo and Andriyanovo. It can be completed in 2 days with an overnight stay. Interesting hiking trails. Tver land is ancient. There are many monuments of religious architecture. The beauty of picturesque places attract tourists to such a wonderful place as the Nerl River. Photos confirm admired reviews of tourists.
Uglich Reservoir
Ulichskoe reservoir was built in 1939. It partially flooded the Nerl River, and not only. During its construction, 30 Orthodox churches, one large monastery and about 100 villages and villages were flooded. Today, the hallmark of the city of Kalyazin is the bell tower, towering above the waters. The reservoir is located in three districts: Kashinsky, Kalyazinsky and Kimrsky. Its width is about 5 kilometers, its length is 146. The maximum depth is from 5 to 7 meters. The area is 249 square kilometers, the volume is 1.3 km 2 . The flow of the Uglich reservoir is regulated seasonally. On its banks are the old Russian cities, Kimry and Kalyazin. The reservoir is used for fishing, shipping and energy. In the old days, these lands always remained a “bear’s corner”, where people hid from the plague and raids. Now the Uglich reservoir is a place of pilgrimage for fishermen and tourists from all over Russia. There are 29 species of fish typical of the Volga basin.