To date , the banking system is presented as a combination of banks and various lending organizations. The central state bank has the most powerful functions , it issues money, also lends to the entire banking system, uses cash and settlement instruments, serves capital construction, and carries out foreign trade. The entire banking system, structure and functions are regulated by the central bank of the Russian Federation.
Credit and banking system of the Russian Federation
Banks are divided into business and equity, this allows you to create new economic mechanisms in the country. Organizes money circulation and serves customers Central Bank. He has a special position - this is the central oran among all legal entities, which is engaged in economic and managerial activities. It acts as a commercial bank, but making a profit is not the main goal of the activity. No commercial bank has such resources. The main task of the Central Bank is the implementation of state policy in the field of money circulation, ensuring the sustainable
purchasing power of money, regulation at the legislative level and subsequently control of commercial banks. Affecting the
liquidity of banks, the Central Bank regulates macroeconomic proportions
Such a separation of functions enables the Central Bank of the Russian Federation to concentrate most of its attention on the regulation of issuing activities, supporting the stable operation of the entire banking system, and engaged in monetary regulation of the entire economy, as well as lawmaking.
The credit and banking system is quite functional, it includes all credit relations and accumulates the country's monetary unit, subsequently providing money in the form of loans.
Today, the country's credit system consists of several links:
- banking sector;
- Central Bank
- insurance sector;
- various specialized financial institutions.
The Bank is a credit institution, which has the right to accept deposits from legal entities and individuals with their subsequent placement at its discretion and return to the owner. The bank also opens and maintains bank accounts of legal entities and individuals. Money and the banking system are completely dependent on the Central Bank, followed by state and private banking institutions. They perform such functions:
- the issuance of long-term and short-term loans, deposits are accepted by commercial banks;
- commercial banks are engaged in the placement of borrowed and own funds in the Central Bank;
- mortgage banks provide long-term loans secured by real estate;
- pensions are provided by pension funds,
- the credit system is also engaged in credit societies.
The entire credit and banking system is primarily dependent on the Central Bank, and with the help of commercial, investment, and mortgage banks, cash flow is regulated, which helps the state influence the macroeconomics of the country as a whole. Credit and banking system is extremely important for any state.