Life insurance, health, property insurance against various risks has long entered our lives, has become part of everyday life. In this article we will deal with the main types of insurance and select from their number the most specific, non-standard, unusual categories.
The main types of insurance in Russia
First of all, insurance contracts are divided into 2 types:
- Mandatory . The law compels such insurance, and ignoring its requirements leads to appropriate penalties. This category includes compulsory motor third-party liability insurance, insurance for passengers, compulsory medical insurance.
- Voluntary An insurance contract is concluded solely at the request of a citizen.
What types of insurance are there? It can also be individual or group, and payments on it - one-time or as annuity. By determining the amount of compensation, there is a proportional compensation (any agreed part of the damage) and the first risk system (all damage is paid within the agreed insurance amount).
According to Chapter 48 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, types of insurance in the Russian Federation are divided into 4 categories:
- property;
- personal
- responsibility;
- entrepreneurial risks;
- in light of recent trends, specific ones are also singled out.
Briefly consider all the voiced types.
Property insurance
Three types of insurance can be attributed to this category:
- real estate (including engineering structures inside the insured premises);
- vehicles (both in the case of complete destruction, and in the event of damage);
- cargo (during transportation, unloading, storage).
Personal insurance
One of the most common and comprehensive types of insurance in Russia. It refers to:
- life insurance (recently, accumulative life insurance has also been included here);
- accident insurance (injury, illness, deprivation of an organ or part of the body, disability, death);
- medical insurance (compulsory medical insurance - mandatory; voluntary medical insurance - voluntary);
- minors insurance;
- pensioners insurance (compensation is available only upon reaching retirement age) - compulsory and voluntary;
- Passenger insurance of various modes of transport;
- employee insurance.
Liability Insurance
This category is very multifaceted. We list a number of insurance that it includes:
- civil liability for causing any harm to third parties;
- responsibility for the quality of manufactured goods;
- liability for defaults to the creditor;
- occupational liability - for harming the employee to customers, consumers;
- civil liability of organizations, enterprises that constitute a source of increased danger;
- civil liability of various carriers - urban, railway, air, water transport, metro, etc .;
- CTP.
Business insurance
This includes insurance:
- financial guarantees;
- loss or damage to property of the enterprise;
- investment;
- risk of default;
- deposits;
- export credit.
Non-Standard Risk Insurance
Non-standard types of insurance are quite interesting:
- insurance of construction activities - the responsibility of developers;
- agricultural;
- international (for access to medical services of world clinics, as well as for citizens who are often abroad);
- collective (insurance of several persons as a whole);
- title (risk of loss of ownership by court order);
- insurance of risks associated with financial investments;
- political risks (the influence of factors related to the policy of a state on the transaction).
We turn to the special cases of specific insurance.
10 unusual types of insurance
Let us turn to the world practice of non-standard types of insurance - consider the world rating of the most unusual categories compiled by the Dutch company Hullberry Insurance:
- Fuel price insurance . For 19.95 euros, you can conclude an insurance contract providing for compensation for additional expenses with an increase in the cost of gasoline by more than 15%.
- Slammed door . Insurance against such embarrassment will cost about 18 euros annually. When an insured event occurs, you can get up to 100 euros.
- Stuck in the elevator . From 12 to 28 euros per year will cost such an agreement with an insurance company; compensation - 75 euros.
- A series of failures in the lottery . If the insured person has purchased an unlucky lottery ticket 52 times in a row, then he can receive a “consolation prize” from his insurer - 2500 euros. An insurance contract will also cost 12-28 euros.
- Introduction of the Prohibition . Compensation from the insurance company will be 500 euros for the same standard 12-28 euros per year.
- Erroneous imprisonment . The compensation for this extremely unpleasant situation will be the amount of 500 euros. The price of risk insurance is 12-28 euros per year.
- Failure at the altar . If the bride or groom of the insured person gives the poor man an unexpected “no,” the latter can count on an amount of 100 euros from his insurance company.
- Caught in the sight of a hidden camera . Those who really do not want to become the involuntary hero of the video can be signed an agreement (again 12-28 euros per year), according to which you can count on compensation of 1000 euros.
- Alien child . If a man does not completely trust his missus, and DNA tests have confirmed his suspicions, then he can receive 500 euros in the role of compensation from the insurer.
- Abduction by alien creatures . Compensation for such a strange and incredible incident will serve 5,000 euros. At the same time, one of the conditions of the contract is the provision of relevant documents from doctors and aerospace forces.
Non-standard types of insurance in Russia
Now we turn to the unusual categories of insurance in our country:
- Animal insurance . Smaller brothers can be insured against death, theft, and murder. The insured must be healthy, registered in the nursery, have the necessary vaccinations, be at least 3 months old and not older than 12 years old - cats, 9 years old - dogs.
- Industrial espionage insurance . An insurance contract for businessmen fearing the criminal acts of their employees is one of the types of non-standard insurance in Russia.
- Real estate insurance against a meteorite falling on it . This type of insurance became relevant after the incident in Chelyabinsk in February 2013.
- Tick bite insurance . The insurance contract includes compensation for the removal of the animal, its examination for carriage of dangerous viruses, medical care, and expenses for medicines.
- Insurance policy "Wedding" . This agreement insures against a number of cases: bad weather, a sudden illness of the newlyweds, failure to appear of the photographer, driver, host, and other necessary persons, etc.
- Travel risk insurance . For those who are afraid that emergency circumstances - a serious illness, a court, a delay in applying for a visa - can disrupt an important trip, such a non-standard type of insurance will be very useful.
- Dismissal insurance . In the era of crisis in our country, such insurance is very relevant - especially for citizens paying long-term loans, and for banks issuing such loans.
Non-standard, specific ones are increasingly being added to the main traditional types of insurance in Russia and the world. Some of them seem unnecessary and unbelievable, and some fully take into account the conditions of modern realities.