Justinian Legislative Code - Code of Roman Civil Rights and Laws

The Justinian Codex was the most important body of Roman civil rights and laws. The collection was compiled in 529-534 years BC. e., during the reign of the Byzantine emperor Justinian the Great.

In February 528, by decree of Vasileus Justinian I, a state commission consisting of ten people was created. And on April 7, 529, Justinian's legislative code was published. The text of this collection contained all the imperial decrees and decrees from the 1st to the 6th centuries AD. e. The next step of the emperor was the systematization of the so-called ancient law (jus vetus), which was the work of various Roman lawyers, as well as their comments on praetor and civil law.

On December 15, 530, a decree of Vasileus was issued on the creation of a committee of fifteen people with the famous Greek lawyer of the time Triborian at the head. In addition to this scientist, the committee included two professors from the Academy of Constantinople, two professors from the Beritsky Academy, as well as eleven lawyers. The committee was tasked with writing digests - that is, isolating the necessary passages from the works of classical antique lawyers. This was done by mid-December 533.

In parallel with this work, the Tribonian, Theophilos, and Dorotheus prepared the institutions that later became part of the Justinian Codex . The institutes were a textbook for law students (it ultimately had four volumes). The last part of this grandiose meeting was the finally revised code of laws, released in November 534.

Thus, the code of the emperor Justinian initially consisted of three voluminous components: institutions (four volumes), digests (consisting of fifty books, incorporating excerpts from almost two thousand works of Roman lawyers), the code itself (twelve books). Later, after the death of Vasileus, the so-called Novels were added to these three main chapters. They were written by the professor of Constantinople Julian in 556 and were a collection of decrees and decrees of the emperor, issued from 535 to 556. This was the fourth part of the code.

The Code of Justinian from the middle of the VI century and throughout the Middle Ages was the main source of law for most European countries. This is also partially true of Russia, since it significantly influenced the so-called. Helmsman books are a domestic collection of secular and Orthodox laws.

In medieval Europe, the active revival and assimilation of Roman law begins. In the monarchies of the early feudal period, which were formed in the territories of the Western Roman Empire, the ancient Roman legal norms in culture and legislation were sufficiently preserved. The Justinian Codex until the very end of the Middle Ages had a significant impact on the development of feudal relations in Western Europe. Moreover, it is today the de facto foundation for Romano-German law.