Saransk (the population of the city will be described below) is the capital of the Republic of Mordovia (Russian Federation). Located in the central part of Russia. The area of the city is 71 square meters. km The population is 308 thousand people. Saransk is 640 km from the capital. The settlement was founded in the 1640s, but received the status of a city of national importance in 1780.
City population
Saransk (whose population honors and respects its roots) is the oldest Russian city in the Middle Volga. The first mention of the village dates back to 1641. It was built as a fortified city of the Russian kingdom. The fortress itself was erected on the bank of the Insar River and served as a stronghold of the Ateman serif line on the southeastern outskirts of the state. For its construction, the left bank was chosen: it had a higher slope, which is why it was built there. The fortress was called the Saransk gatehouse. It is from this word that the toponym of such a settlement as the city of Saransk originated, which began to be used in the future. The word "sarah" in translation from Finnish means "swamped."
The first inhabitants of the settlement were the military: Cossacks, gunners and archers. Later, people from nearby villages settled here, and the city began to grow. After 10 years, having entered the Saransk district, it becomes its administrative center. During the reign of Peter I was part of the Kazan province, and later was listed in Penza.
The city stands on the Volga Upland, the average altitude is 125-160 m above sea level, and the maximum varies within 250 m. It is located in the Insar River basin. The city of Saransk is located a little away from federal highways, the nearest major center is Penza.
Climate
The climate in the city is temperate continental. It is represented by cold, long winters and hot, but short summers. The average winter temperature in January is -11.5 ° . And in the summer it varies within +19 ° . The maximum frosty temperatures reach -49 ° , the summer maximum - + 37 ° . Precipitation falls within the annual norm - 500 mm.
The composition of the Saransk administrative district
Around the city there are 18 settlements, which together with the capital form the urban district of Saransk (Russia). The total population is more than 330 thousand people.
Administratively, the city is divided into three districts: Leninsky, Proletarsky and Oktyabrsky.
Industry and science
The city has a fairly well-developed industry. It is represented by such sectors: engineering, metalworking, electric power, non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy, chemical, forestry, food and chemical industries. Large plants employ more than 60 thousand workers. Railways pass through the city; there is an airport of international status.
Saransk today is a large scientific and educational center of Russia. There are more than 10 research institutions and 18 educational institutions, including 4 universities.
sights
In terms of attractions in Saransk there is something to see. The only thing you will not find here is the ancient monuments of architecture. The fact is that the city was originally built as a wooden one. And as you know, the capital of Mordovia has experienced fires and built up more than once.
Saransk, whose population is very friendly and hospitable, can be called a major religious center. This issue is given special importance. The Cathedral of the Holy Warrior F. Ushakov was built in the city. It is considered the largest. The height of the dome is 60 m, and 3 thousand parishioners can simultaneously be inside. The cathedral was built in the early 2000s.
Another religious architectural building is the Church of St. John the Evangelist - the oldest surviving building of Saransk. The current Orthodox church of the city.
Makarovsky Pogost is a unique Orthodox complex. It unites a man’s monastery, several churches and temples in which rare icons are kept.
Saransk, whose population can receive full cultural development, is the proud owner of the Museum of Local Lore. It is considered the largest of all that work in the Republic of Mordovia. It was opened back in 1918. Now the museum has a large collection of exhibits of painting, arts and crafts, furniture and antiques, watches, and there are numismatic collections.
That is why any tourist who is concerned about self-development will be interested in visiting this city.