Local warning systems is a complex that combines a human resource, consisting of persons on duty at a potentially dangerous facility, technical equipment designed to alert emergency situations, communication lines and broadcast networks.
Their task is:
- Bringing information to personnel located at the time of the accident.
- Urgent notice of enterprise management.
- Bringing information to civil defense services, rescuers.
Equipping local warning systems in production , it should be strictly monitored so that they are interfaced with the automated central warning system of the city, village, etc., in which they are located.
In the event of an emergency, SALW solves the tasks of public addressing , ensures the transfer of evacuation messages, commands the evacuation, does not allow panic.
At other times, SALW can be used to transmit announcements or background music. In any space that involves a large crowd of people (workshop, stadium, shopping center, theater, educational institutions, hotels, train stations, etc.), a local warning system must be present.
If we consider local warning systems as technical devices, then it becomes clear: these are several blocks connected together.
- Control block. It includes a computer or, if it is an analog system, a matrix control unit.
- Signal switching unit.
- Sources and amplifiers of sound. It can be microphones on the notification panel, howlers, tone signals, sirens, etc.
- Consoles, stationary and remote, allowing to provide a place of work for the duty dispatcher.
- Loudspeakers
It should be noted that complete local warning systems should include sirens for alarming, equipment for voice or voice messages, light indicators, beacons, etc. light devices.
The sound message system, issuing an alarm with a siren or howler, attracts the attention of people reporting emergency situations. Hearing this sound, workers must quickly evacuate from the territory along a pre-established path.
The voice notification system (or voice) can transmit pre-recorded short information or the speech of the duty dispatcher. Such information is usually transmitted in the form of short messages. Voice notification is considered the most informative.
The light warning system is designed, firstly, to draw attention to what is happening by flashing signal lights, strobe lights or the like. Secondly, autonomous signs indicating the location of exits or other evacuation routes are included in the light warning system.
The local warning system is calculated taking into account the characteristics of the enterprise, its area, the number of premises. In addition, it must take into account the architectural features of the building, its plan, the acoustic properties of the material from which the building is built.
That is why the local warning system and all equipment that is part of it must comply with certain standards.