Skhodnya is a river that flows through the territory of the Moscow region. It is the left tributary of the capital's waterway. The source is located in the Solnechnogorsk district, not far from the Alabushevo railway platform. It flows in the direction from the north-west to the southeast, in the Tushino area it merges with the waters of the Moscow River. The length is 47 km, the catchment area is 255 km².
Characteristic of the water artery
Skhodnya is a river that ranks third in size among the capital's streams, but only 5 km of it flows within the city, the rest flows through the territory of the Moscow region.
The water stream was known in antiquity; it was of great economic importance. As indicated in ancient sources ("Descriptions of ancient Moscow", XVII century.), The river was full of water, with a fast flow, navigable. The name Skhodnya (formerly Shooter) is of Slavic origin. They went upstream (ascended) along it, it was the shortest way of crossing from the capital to the Vladimir-Suzdal principality. They also went south towards Klyazma, and through it to the Oka and the Volga.
Relief, nutrition and glaciation
The Skhodnya river is typical flat in character. Type of food - mixed, mainly replenishes water reserves due to snow. In winter, the stream freezes (late November to early December). It opens in March.
Tributaries
There are few tributaries by the river. The largest left - p. Rust, large right ones - Rozhdestvenka, Zhuravka, Goretovka. In addition to rivers, streams are also considered tributaries of the Skhodny: Golenevsky, Boldov, Chernogryazhsky, etc.
River Rafting
Throughout its movement, Skhodnya is a river that cuts deep into a dense forest. This natural feature has made water flow very popular for alloys. It is known that the movement on rafts, boats and kayaks here took place even before the Great Patriotic War. In our years, summer houses and cottages were built on both banks of the river, and the once untouched nature has become fully developed. This factor repels modern lovers of wild tourism, and river trips do not occur as often as before.
Nature parks
Skhodnya is a river in the territory of which parks were equipped. In order to preserve the diverse landscape of the region, the government of the Russian Federation decided to create natural monuments and reserves in this territory. The largest environmental complex of the North-Western administrative district is the Tushkinskiy Natural Park. The total area is 700 ha. It was created in 1999.
Includes rare natural communities and landforms, as well as historical and cultural sites. Among them: the village of Alyoshkino, the Brattsevo estate, the natural monument Skhodnenskaya (Tushinskaya) bowl, the natural park “Valley of the Skhodnya River”. The latter was created in 2004. Within the nature reserve there are unique river and forest landscapes: dry and floodplain meadows, forest groves, low-lying marshes, ponds and streams.
Detailed description of the Skhodnya river valley
The borders of the Skhodnya river valley are limited to the Kurkino district, which is part of the North-Western administrative district of the capital. The rest of the Tushkinsky Natural Park is located in the south, in the east - the nature reserve borders on the Kurkino housing estate, and in the north and west is the city line of Moscow (MKAD). The Skhodnya Valley Park stretches over 273 hectares.
Flora and fauna of the park
The flora and fauna of this territory is represented by numerous and very rare representatives. In the park you can find more than 600 species of plants, 40 of which are listed on the Red Book. This is a small egg, a medunica, an ostrich, a gentian. Also here is the largest population of wild orchids. In total there are 9 species in the park, 2 of which are very rare: the Baltic palmate rootwort and the Bolotnaya dremlik. They are not found anywhere in Europe for more than 100 years.
The natural park in the Skhodnya river valley has become a habitat for 80 species of vertebrates, which are listed in the Red Book. Representatives - ferret, lizard, weasel, ermine, already. About 80 species of birds nest in the forests, among which are quite rare: kestrel, chyglok, tern, hawk warbler, beetle, white-backed woodpecker. In the waters of Skhodnya there are more than 20 species of fish (pike, tench, gudgeon, dace, chub, etc.).
Historical heritage
In addition, there are cultural and historical monuments in the territory of the natural park: the Church of Our Lady of Vladimirovskaya (17th century), the ancient village of Mashkino, a monument of landscape gardening of the 20th century. - Zakharyin hospital.
The park has equipped areas for recreation and a picnic. Two of them are located in the Zakharya floodplain (not far from the hospital), one in the Birch Grove and one within the 11 microdistrict. There are walking paths, a playground and an ecological trail along which sightseeing routes pass.
Building
Recently, the situation regarding the preservation of the natural park has worsened. The fact is that in the nearby territory within the border of the park it is planned to develop residential multi-storey buildings and, accordingly, infrastructure. Such actions are considered unlawful and violate the law.
How to get there
Getting to the river is not difficult. Nearby are roads, subways and railways. To get to Skhodny by metro, you need to go to the Skhodnenskaya station. The railway station has the same name.
Route options are also available when traveling by car or bus. The latter mode of transport is not very convenient, since the stops are far from the end point. The cheapest option is to go by train or train, so most tourists prefer to come here on these types of vehicles. The trip does not take much time.