Abbreviations from Soviet times tightly entered our speech. Some of them are known to everyone and everyone, some have a meaning that is known only to a narrow professional circle. Do you know the MKAD transcript? Let's talk more about this.
Decoding MKAD
What does this phrase mean? The decoding of the abbreviation MKAD may be as follows:
- Moscow Ring Road.
- Minsk ring road.
In our country, the first value is more popular.
How to use the abbreviation?
We figured out the MKAD decryption. But how to use this abbreviation in speech? Is it he, she, it? Moscow (Minsk) ring road is a feminine phenomenon. But is this transferred to the letter combination?
Experts note that previously MKAD was exclusively an abbreviation of the female gender. However, at present, there is a "drift" of the combination of letters to the masculine gender. Linguists advise the following:
- In official speech, use in the feminine. For example: "MKAD on a summer Sunday evening was extremely overloaded."
- In colloquial speech, it is more appropriate to use the abbreviation in the masculine gender. For example: "Moscow Ring Road appeared in the distance."
Metropolitan Ring Road
MKAD - ring Moscow federal highway. In the period 1960-1984. coincided with the administrative border of the capital. Hence the popular phrase "There is no life beyond the MKAD" - an irony over Muscovites who do not know about life in the province, throughout the rest of Russia. Today, the boundaries of an actively developing metropolis are far beyond the borders of this well-known highway and only partially coincide with it in some places.
The main function of the Moscow Ring Road in Moscow is to unload the city’s central roads. The need for the construction of such a highway arose in the mid-50s of the last century. Put it into operation in 1962. The total length of the route is 109 km, five-lane (in each direction) traffic is organized along it. The allowed speed on the Moscow Ring Road in Moscow is 100 km / h. The capacity is estimated at 9 thousand cars hourly.
To our time, two road reconstructions were carried out - in the 1990s and 2010s. Today, new plans for the modernization of the highway have ripened:
- The construction of understudies near large shopping complexes.
- Creation of strips for acceleration and braking in separate sections.
- Construction of "clover leaf" interchanges.
"Zero kilometer" (reference point) is located at a fork in the Enthusiasts highway. The countdown is clockwise. The track is used not only by personal and freight transport, but also by public. Buses are moving in different sections of it. These are both city flights (served by Mosgortrans) and Moscow Region, intercity flights.
We presented the MKAD scheme in the photo. We also characterize the road in numbers:
- The total width is 10 stripes.
- The length is 108.9 km.
- The width of each strip is from 3.5 to 3.75 m.
- The average distance of the route from the center of Moscow is 17.5 km.
MKAD in Russia is considered one of the most modern and comfortable highways. But even though it has maximum capacity in the region, alas, it has not been able to cope with the flow of transport for a long time. One of the most "sick" characteristics of the highway is traffic jams. Their reasons are different:
- Lack of ramps for emergency vehicles.
- Low throughput of ring road exits.
- Frequent traffic blockage due to following government tuples.
- The proximity to the MKAD of large shopping centers - they attract many visitors to the railway, who additionally load the track.
- Ineffective denouement - "clovers".
- The use of the ring road as an inter-district and so on.
Minsk car ring
Another transcript of the MKAD is the Minsk Ring Road. Or the M9 highway. This is a highway that, like Moscow, focuses on the administrative border of the capital. Its total length is about 56 km.
The construction of the Belarusian road took place in 1956-1963. Initially, it was assigned to the 3rd category of highways - with a total width of 7.5 m, it had one lane in each direction.
The road also survived two reconstructions - in 1980 and 2002. After the last change, the track has gained a first-class level. It was expanded to 29 m wide. Arranged 6-lane movement. The speed is limited to 90 km / h. The capacity of the Minsk auto ring is estimated at 85 thousand transport units per day.
MKAD is the Moscow and Minsk ring roads. In official speech, the abbreviation is used in the feminine, in colloquial it is also allowed for the male.