Science covers all spheres of human activity. In order to examine in detail the society and natural phenomena, separate disciplines were created. Within the framework of the article, pedagogy is of most interest to us. What does this discipline study? What is the object and subject of pedagogy? What tasks does she solve?
general information
So, for starters, let's look at the definition. Pedagogy is a science that studies the laws of the transfer of social experience from older generations to younger ones and its assimilation by the latter. She is engaged in the
upbringing, training and education of people. Also for her is of interest and pedagogical activity. This is the professional activity of specialists who, with the help of various means of influencing students and through interaction with them, solve problems in finding the best approach to training, upbringing and education.
Subject, Object and Purpose
The fundamental components of any
science. The subject of pedagogy is education, and when viewed more broadly, it is a conscious and focused organized learning process. Entities, patterns, tendencies, principles, perspectives, theory and technology of realization are investigated. Since the subject of pedagogy is education, the activity of students and teachers plays an important role in this. Under the object understand the reality that determines the formation and development of an individual human individual under the influence of society and educator. An example is the purposeful learning process, which is carried out in the interests of man himself, society and the state. It should be noted that pedagogy is studying the
methods of upbringing, training and education of not only children, but also adults. Regarding the goal, we can say that it consists in identifying patterns and developing the most optimal methods for the formation of man. And if we add to this the object and subject of pedagogy, then we get a whole range of knowledge about the influence of discipline on the formation of the individual.
Functions, Tasks and Questions
Of course, pedagogy is not limited to the above information. She is a very well-developed discipline. It should be noted that in this case everything is connected, and it is pedagogy that plays a large role in preparing the future generation. Its subject and functions are also interconnected. There are two directions, each of which has three levels. Each of them has its own characteristics. So, the theoretical function is implemented at the descriptive, diagnostic and prognostic levels. She is engaged in the preparation of the test material. The technological function has the following levels: design, transformative and reflective. She is engaged in the implementation of best practices. Regarding the tasks, we can say that they are as follows:
- Find patterns in the field of education, training, education and management systems.
- To study and summarize the practice and experience of pedagogical activity.
- Make predictions regarding the development of the future.
- Put research results into practice.
All this is aimed at providing answers to certain questions:
- Why and for what it is necessary to teach and educate?
- What should be taught and what ideals to inculcate?
- How to teach and educate?
Categories
So called the basic concepts and terms of pedagogy. We will not consider everything, we will focus only on the most important:
- Training. This is the name of the focused, organized and managed process of interaction between teacher and students. It is aimed at acquiring and assimilating new knowledge, abilities, skills, methods of cognitive activity, and developing mental abilities and interests.
- Parenting. This is a process based on purposeful influence, the main goal is to help the child accumulate the social experience necessary for life in society and form a value system in him that allows him to live in society.
- Education. By this we mean the process of familiarization with the system of scientific knowledge, skills, abilities, as well as the final result, which is expressed in the form of the formed worldview moral and other personal qualities. At the same time, the goal of developing creative abilities is also achieved.
- Formation. This is the name of the process during which the formation of the individual as a social being takes place. Moreover, a large number of factors influence it: ideological, economic, social, psychological and so on.
- Development. By this we mean the realization of the makings of a person that are inherent in him from birth.
- Socialization. By this we mean self-realization and human development. It should be noted that this process occurs throughout the life of an individual.
Pedagogical interaction
This is the creation of deliberate contacts during which the teacher and the child communicate. The purpose of such actions is to change behavior, activities and attitudes towards something or someone. Here you need to give an interesting answer. We remind that the subject of pedagogy is precisely the process of education. Therefore, there is a study of many aspects of educational activity. So, for example, we can say that deviant behavior is the subject of pedagogy. And that will be absolutely true. Moreover, it should be borne in mind that not only ordinary people are studied, but also the researchers and educators themselves. So, the thesis that the subject of pedagogy is the psychology of the teacher is also absolutely true. It should be understood that this discipline is inseparable from other sciences about man. Therefore, there is a constant accumulation of new knowledge, experience, work skills and so on.
What does pedagogy do?
In order to get an answer to this question, you should remember what directions it has. The foundation for this discipline is philosophy. It is complemented by a history of education. This is followed by general pedagogy, which deals with theoretical foundations, didactics and school studies. It is taught at universities for the overall development of man. Then, in order of complexity, there is age-related pedagogy. They are engaged in pre-school education, school, vocational and higher educational institutions. To solve the problems of upbringing and assisting society, social pedagogy is applied. She is engaged in families, re-education of violators, prepares for training and memorizing data, and also teaches a person how to present themselves. In addition, there is also special pedagogy. She deals with especially difficult cases, for example, teaching dumb or children with developmental problems.
International Relations
It should be noted that pedagogy is developing along with psychology, physiology, sociology, philosophy, history, geography, literature, cybernetics and medicine. As you can see, this is a real complex of sciences. And all this is aimed at raising a person in whom society is interested. Moreover, it should be noted that they operate in close interpenetration, and it is often possible to observe a situation where the boundaries between the sciences are erased and it is not possible to determine which discipline belongs.
Practical application
When can pedagogy be useful? This will seem surprising to many, but it is used not only and not so much in schools, vocational schools and universities. Since education is the subject of pedagogy, it is also used in various organizations. An example is an enterprise. The owner of the company is interested in ensuring that it works with maximum efficiency, and for this it is necessary to take care that there are no problems within the team. To do this, he hires a manager with a pedagogical talent who can find an approach to any person and solve a problem before it has time to escalate significantly.
Conclusion
So, we found out that the subject of pedagogy is education and other concepts that will form the basis for an individual who suddenly has a desire to look into the caches of the human soul. True, it must be remembered that knowledge alone, without their practical application,
have little value. But it is necessary to have a certain framework. So, for example, many believe that one should not strive to become a skilled manipulator. Learning to defend oneself from them is a good thing. But it is necessary to act within the framework of the rational, and if power over a person falls into the hands, do not abuse it.