Networks and communication systems have not just tightly entered our lives. They penetrated it so deeply that it is difficult for a simple person to imagine the extent of their distribution. What communication networks and switching systems operate and provide data transmission in the modern world, what are their differences, what are the development prospects? This is what will be discussed further.
Types of communication
About what types of communication exist, even a younger student will answer without a hint. Nevertheless, we denote them. So, at present, mankind uses the following types of communication (I note that we take into account only types that require the use of technology and / or equipment, in other words, telecommunications):
- Telephone (we mean wired telephone lines, landlines).
- Radio communication, including broadcasting.
- Telegraph communication.
- TV.
- Satellite connection.
As for the technical support for the transfer of one or another type of information, communication networks and switching systems take over this function. At the same time, communication networks are called upon to support the transmission of information in one format or another. Function
switching networks - to provide communication between specific network subscribers. In other words, it is the switching system that ensures that when dialing the subscriber’s number, the technician will direct your call to him, and not just “throw” the call into the communication channel. It is the switches that interconnect computers or telephone subscribers and provide them with this channel in full use for the entire duration of the connection.
On the territory of our country, the complex of a communication network and a switching system is developing in accordance with state acts and the plan of the BCC (all-connected communication network) of the CIS. The objectives of this network are to ensure maximum accessibility of all types of communications for citizens of the Commonwealth. The basis of this network is large switching nodes operating in automatic mode and redirecting signals, and electronic computing centers, the function of which is the collection and analysis of data. The main communication networks and switching systems that support the transfer of information to the BCC:
- Automatic telephone channels.
- Telegraph.
- Networks that provide audio broadcasting.
- Facsimile communication network.
- Computer networks and data networks.
- Mobile communication systems.
- Broadcast Network
- Intra-departmental communication networks.
The main components of a communication network: switching systems, a large-scale network of channels (lines) through which various types of data are transmitted, equipment that ensures reception and correct processing of incoming signals, personnel that maintain operability and troubleshoots on individual sections of communication lines.
What are the further development prospects of this area? The Ministry of Communications plans to upgrade the telephone network so that its users have access to all the capabilities of mobile systems - text and multimedia messages, the possibility of video calling. Much attention is paid to wireless technologies and alternative communication methods (the beginning is 3G and 4G formats). The project of future communication even has a name - NGN. Moreover, some of its functions are already trying to be implemented in existing networks.