A binary code is text, computer processor instructions, or other data using any two-character system. Most often, this is a binary number system of 0 and 1. The binary code assigns a binary digit pattern (bit) to each character and instruction. For example, a binary string of eight bits can represent any of 256 possible values and therefore can generate many different elements. Reviews of the binary code of the world professional community of programmers indicate that this is the basis of the profession and the main law of the functioning of computing systems and electronic devices.
Decryption of binary code
In computing and telecommunications, binary codes are used for various methods of encoding data characters in bit strings. These methods can use fixed or variable width strings. To convert to binary code, there are many sets of characters and encodings. In fixed-width code, each letter, digit, or other character is represented by a bit string of the same length. This bit string, interpreted as a binary number, is usually displayed in code tables in octal, decimal, or hexadecimal notation.
Decryption of the binary code: a bit string interpreted as a binary number can be converted to a decimal number. For example, the lower case of the letter a, if it is represented by the bit string 01100001 (as in the standard ASCII code), can also be represented as the decimal number 97. Translation of the binary code into text is the same procedure, only in the reverse order.
How it works
What does binary code consist of? The code used in digital computers is based on a binary number system in which there are only two possible states: incl. and off, usually denoted by zero and one. If in a decimal system that uses 10 digits, each position is a multiple of 10 (100, 1000, etc.), then in a binary system, each digital position is a multiple of 2 (4, 8, 16, etc.). A binary code signal is a series of electrical pulses that represent the numbers, symbols, and operations to be performed.
A device called a clock sends out regular pulses, and components like transistors turn on (1) or turn off (0) to transmit or block pulses. In binary code, each decimal number (0-9) is represented by a set of four binary digits or bits. Four basic arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division) can be reduced to combinations of fundamental Boolean algebraic operations on binary numbers.
A bit in communication and information theory is a unit of data equivalent to the result of choosing between two possible alternatives in a binary number system commonly used in digital computers.
Binary Code Reviews
The nature of binary (binary) code and data is a basic part of the fundamental world of IT. Specialists of the world IT backstage, programmers, whose specialization is hidden from the attention of an ordinary user, work with this tool. Reviews of the binary code from the developers indicate that this area requires in-depth study of the mathematical foundations and extensive practice in the field of mathematical analysis and programming.
Binary code is the simplest form of computer code or programming data. It is fully represented by a binary number system. According to reviews of binary code, it is often associated with machine code, since binary sets can be combined to form source code that is interpreted by a computer or other hardware. This is partly true. Machine code uses sets of binary digits to form instructions.
Along with the most basic form of code, a binary file also represents the smallest amount of data that flows through all complex complex hardware and software systems that process today's data resources and assets. The smallest amount of data is called a bit. The current bit strings become code or data that is interpreted by the computer.
Binary number
In mathematics and digital electronics, a binary number is a number expressed in a base-2 number system or a binary digital system that uses only two characters: 0 (zero) and 1 (one).
The base-2 number system is a positional notation with a radius of 2. Each digit is referred to as a bit. Due to its simple implementation in digital electronic circuits using logical rules, the binary system is used by almost all modern computers and electronic devices.
History
The modern binary number system as the basis for binary code was invented by Gottfried Leibniz in 1679 and presented in his article “Explanation of binary arithmetic”. Binary numbers were central to Leibniz's theology. He believed that binary numbers symbolize the Christian idea of ex nihilo creativity, or creation from nothing. Leibniz tried to find a system that converts verbal statements of logic into purely mathematical data.
Binary systems preceding Leibniz also existed in the ancient world. An example is the Chinese binary system I Ching, where the text for prediction is based on the duality of yin and yang. In Asia and Africa, slotted drums with binary tones were used to encode messages. The Indian scientist Pingala (around the 5th century BC) developed a binary system for describing prosody in his work Chandashutrem.
Residents of Mangarev Island in French Polynesia used a hybrid binary decimal system until 1450. In the XI century, the scientist and philosopher Shao Yong developed a method for organizing hexagrams that corresponds to a sequence from 0 to 63, as presented in binary format, and yin is 0, yang is 1. The order is also a lexicographic order in blocks of elements selected from a two-element set.
New time
In 1605, Francis Bacon discussed a system in which letters of the alphabet can be reduced to sequences of binary numbers, which can then be encoded as subtle font variations in any random text. It is important to note that it was Francis Bacon who supplemented the general theory of binary coding by observation, that this method can be used with any objects.
Another mathematician and philosopher named George Bull published an article in 1847 entitled “Mathematical Analysis of Logic,” which describes the algebraic system of logic, known today as Boolean algebra. The system was based on a binary approach, which consisted of three main operations: AND, OR and NOT. This system was not put into operation until a graduate student from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology named Claude Shannon noticed that the Boolean algebra he studied was like an electrical circuit.
Shannon wrote his dissertation in 1937, in which important conclusions were drawn. Shannon's thesis was the starting point for using binary code in practical applications such as computers and electrical circuits.
Other forms of binary
A bit string is not the only type of binary code. A binary system as a whole is any system that allows only two options, such as a switch in an electronic system or a simple true or false test.
Braille is a type of binary code that is widely used by blind people to read and write to the touch, named for its creator Louis Braille. This system consists of grids of six points each, three per column, in which each point has two states: elevated or in-depth. Different combinations of dots can represent all letters, numbers and punctuation marks.
The American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) uses a 7-bit binary code to represent text and other characters in computers, communications equipment, and other devices. Each letter or symbol is assigned a number from 0 to 127.
A binary encoded decimal value or BCD is a binary encoded representation of integer values that uses a 4-bit graph to encode decimal digits. Four binary bits can encode up to 16 different values.
In BCD-encoded numbers, only the first ten values in each nibble are correct and encode decimal digits with zero, after nine. The remaining six values are incorrect and can cause either a machine exception or unspecified behavior, depending on the computer implementation of BCD arithmetic.
BCD arithmetic is sometimes preferable to floating point number formats in commercial and financial applications where complex rounding behavior is undesirable.
Application
Most modern computers use a binary code program for instructions and data. CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs represent audio and video in binary form. Telephone calls are transferred digitally in long distance and mobile telephone networks using pulse-code modulation and in voice over IP networks.