For those who love to grow indoor plants in their apartment, primrose has long been in the forefront among numerous favorites. They choose it because caring for it is quite simple, while the plant boasts a variety of flowers in shape and color. The height of the primrose may be up to 25 cm or more.
What is a plant?
Primrose have a fibrous root system. Her leaves reach a diameter of 7 cm and have a rosette type. The plant blooms twice a year. She pleases our eyes in the winter and spring. The plant can be both annual and perennial. Home care and primrose cultivation in an apartment are suitable for annual species. Most often, indoor primrose is grown in Chinese primrose, obkoniku, akaulis, mix.
Interesting fact: these plants belong to the family of primrose. They include more than one thousand plants. In nature, the flower can be found in Asian countries, Europe, North America and China. She likes to grow in temperate latitudes.
Primrose akaulis: home care for this plant consists of proper transplantation, abundant watering and fertilizer at the time of flowering. It is propagated by seeds. Sowing is carried out in February. In a container, on a dense moist soil, sow the seeds and fill them with earth with a layer of two millimeters. Next, the container is covered with transparent glass and sent to the refrigerator (temperature from + 5 to + 7 degrees). Seedlings will sprout in one to two months, and after the appearance of two or three leaves they dive.
Primrose mix: home care is carried out just like with akaulis. The temperature in the room should be above +15 degrees. Lighting is good, but do not have direct sunlight. Pot for planting, choose not deep, but wide.
Obconic primrose: home care is no different from other primrose care. Below will be given detailed recommendations for the cultivation of these plants.
What are the main varieties distinguished?
Home care for primrose is different from those plants that grow in the garden. Outdoor flowers are more resistant to cooling. Indoor plants require more personal care.
Before you say about whether it is possible to plant a home primrose on the street, you need to figure out what varieties this flower happens to be. After all, there are hybrids that can be grown not only on the windowsill, but also in the garden.
The most common plant of this species is a soft indoor primrose. Its inflorescences are represented by 10-20 flowers, the leaves have a light green color, such a plant grows up to 30 cm high. The following varieties of soft primrose are distinguished:
- Snow Queen: her flowers are painted white.
- Mars is purple inflorescences.
- White pearls: white flowers, on which pearl overflows are distinguishable.
- Juliet mixed: the flowers in this variety are terry, and the color shimmers from pastel to purple.
- Enchantment: flowers have a bright blue color.
Inflorescences of large sizes have inverse conical primrose. It belongs to the Chinese family. This plant reaches a height of up to 20 cm. This is a perennial species. The plant can please the eye with proper care throughout the year.
The most popular variety of this primrose is Twilly Touch Me. It is characterized by the fact that it blooms with lavender, purple and violet flowers. Allergy sufferers should remember that this variety can cause an allergic reaction.
The hybrid species includes stemless primrose. It is this variety that can be grown both at home and on the street. The abundant flowering of petunia pleases us from April to mid-summer. It has many varieties among the popular distinguish the following:
- Sphinx F1 neon Rose: flowers of bright raspberry color.
- Sphinx Apricot: the color of the inflorescences is bright orange, which gradually turns into red.
- Eclipse Violet with Rim: very beautiful lilac inflorescences with a gold frame.
In addition to the above varieties, you can find Chinese primrose (its flowers have pink, red and white color, while they are slightly wavy along the edges) and Kew primrose with small yellow small flowers.
Primrose: planting and care at home
In order for the plant to feel fine, bloom and not hurt, you need to know how to properly care for it. Highlight several key points for his care at home.
Primrose needs:
- the right choice of place for growth;
- plentiful watering;
- good light;
- comfortable temperature;
- fertilizer application.
If you care for the flower, following all the rules, then the little beauty will decorate the apartment and delight the eye with beautiful flowering.
Is your plant light and comfortable enough?
This flower simply adores solar heat and light. But it must be remembered that the rays should not be direct, as this negatively affects the leaves of the plant. It is best to grow primrose on the windowsill on the east and west sides. In this case, the sun will illuminate the flower, but fall on it in small quantities.
Home care for primrose implies compliance with the temperature regime. The temperature in the room should depend on the time of year. If it is spring or autumn, then you should adhere to a temperature of +18 to +20 degrees Celsius. In winter, the temperature can be slightly lower - from +16 to +18 degrees. During flowering - from +16 to +20 degrees.
If the illumination and air temperature are favorable for primrose, then it will bloom much more abundantly and longer. Signs of poor lighting may include yellowed lower leaves of the plant. Also, such an effect may be from too warm air in the room. Admire the primrose in this photo. Home care for her is performed according to all requirements, so the beauty blooms profusely and pleases the eye.
What soil does the plant prefer?
As a substrate, it is necessary to use purchased already prepared product. But the soil can be prepared independently at home. To do this, it is necessary to take in equal proportions sheet land, peat and sand. Remember to use drainage during planting. This is necessary so that the roots of the flower do not rot.
Primrose: home care after purchase
Plants love top dressing in the form of a weak mineral solution with trace elements. Fertilizers are best applied during flower formation. The term of top dressing is once in two weeks. If you feed the primrose with fertilizers before flowering, you can get only plentiful foliage. During dormancy, the plant also does not need fertilizer.
Many housewives who plant this plant on their windowsill, of course, are wondering how to properly water the flower. Remember that during abundant flowering, the plant needs good watering. It is necessary that the earth does not dry out, but it is also not worth pouring, this can lead to rotting of the roots.
Water for irrigation should be warm at room temperature, do not water plants with tap water, it is necessary that it settles. During watering, make sure that the water falls only on the soil, if it fills the leaves and flowers of the plant, they will begin to rot.
Correct Primrose Transplant
Home care primrose in a pot requires a large number of peduncles to form. In order for the plant to bloom abundantly and multiply, the primrose must be constantly transplanted. Young plants need replanting once a year, adult varieties can be replanted once every several years. In order for the transplant to go right, you must use the following rules:
- The capacity in which you transplant the primrose should be slightly larger than the previous pot.
- The substrate and drainage must be purchased in a specialized store or prepared personally for this plant.
- The outlet you are replanting must be on the surface of the soil.
- You can not mix the old earth with the new, it must be replaced completely.
During the transplant, carefully monitor the root system, it is very fragile and prone to injury. Transplantation is best done in the first autumn month. In this case, until next year from time to time to update the upper layer of the substrate.
How does a plant propagate?
There are several ways to propagate a flower. Either seeds, or dividing the bush. Both methods are not laborious and quite simple.
Seed propagation
In order to get seeds from a plant, it must be pollinated artificially. For sowing, use shallow small containers in which seeds are sown. Landing is carried out in the summer. It is advisable after the seeds are placed in the ground, cover the container with clear glass or plastic wrap. After that, the containers are placed in a room with a temperature of +16 to +17 degrees Celsius. If you did everything correctly, then the shoots will appear in 2 weeks.
Propagation by bushes
Primrose is propagated by dividing the bush during transplantation. To do this, new young sockets are separated from the adult plants and plant each of them in new containers. In this case, in order for the flower to grow, it is necessary to transplant it with the substrate in which it grew.
How useful is room primrose?
This plant is famous for some beneficial properties. It is used to treat a variety of diseases. The flower contains carotenoids, phenolic glycoside and ascorbic acid. The root system of primrose contains saponin. This substance is known as a means to maintain immunity, protect the liver and fight cholesterol. Also, the roots of the plant are used in essential oils. Dry flowers insist in boiling water and use such a tincture for colds, headaches and vitamin deficiency.
What diseases and pests can you encounter when growing primrose?
Despite the fact that the flower is very hardy, it is still susceptible to certain diseases and pest attacks. It is the common primrose that most often gets the following diseases:
- Powdery Mildew It is characterized by the appearance on the leaves of white or yellow plaque. The disease can occur against the background of waterlogging. If the primrose is severely affected by the disease, then it is removed, if the leaves can be saved, then they are treated with copper oxychloride.
- Ramulariosis In this case, a white coating is located on the lower side of the sheet, and its upper part is covered with yellow spots. In this case, the flower is treated with various preparations based on copper, including copper oxychloride.
- Gray rot. This disease applies not only to leaflets, but also to inflorescences. They begin to rot due to the characteristic gray coating formed on them. The disease occurs due to severe waterlogging of the substrate or due to the content of a large amount of nitrogen in it. Heavily affected primroses are removed, and the rest is treated with copper oxychloride.
If the plant was hit by caterpillars and ticks, then it can be treated with a soap solution prepared on the basis of gray soap. If it does not help, you can use such drugs as Akarin, Fitoverm, etc.
Plants blooming in the house for more than one year
During home care, a long-term primrose requires proper watering, lighting and maintaining the temperature regime. An ideal place to stay a flower would be the windowsill on the east or west side of the apartment. The temperature should be from +12 to +15 degrees Celsius. Regular watering is required. Fertilize perennial flowers during the formation of buds and flowering. Perennials can be transplanted into the open garden.
Do not forget to monitor the humidity and temperature conditions in the room, fertilize the plant during flowering and it will delight you for many years.