Owners of cars with injection engines must definitely know how to check the injectors, because their high-quality work requires the proper operation of the internal combustion engine itself. Everyone can check and fix nozzle problems on their own, while saving money on service stations.
Why are nozzles needed at all?
The main function of this element is to supply fuel to the combustion chambers. Moreover, you need to serve a certain amount of gasoline mixed with air. Only in this way can a combustible mixture form which will ignite in the combustion chamber. Given this, it is logical to assume that the nozzles may malfunction due to poor fuel. And this is true in 90% of cases. Car owners who pour bad gasoline into their car are often forced to clean or change this element of the engine. But for this you need to know how to check the nozzles correctly.
Injector failure
If the engine is unstable, then it is impossible to say unequivocally what exactly is the reason for the malfunctioning. A comprehensive examination is required: coils, candles, compression in the engine, etc.
Before checking the nozzles, observe if there are the following faults:
- Unstable idling.
- Start problems.
- Higher fuel consumption.
- Loss of dynamics, lack of power during acceleration, jerking when driving.
If these problems are observed with your engine, then it's time to check the health of the injectors. There are various ways to check the nozzle on the engine. Manufacturers are doing everything to facilitate access to the most "weak" places of the car. So problems should not arise.
How to check nozzles with a multimeter?
There is a special device for diagnostics - a multimeter. It is inexpensive and is at any service station. With its help, the battery, fuses and other elements of the internal combustion engine system are usually checked. Instructions on how to check VAZ injectors and other car brands:
- Open the manual and see which injectors are used in your car - low or high impedance. This is necessary for accurate diagnosis.
- Remove the wires from the nozzles.
- Take a multimeter and set the resistance measurement mode in it. Diagnostic wires now lead to the conclusions of the injectors.
- Measure the resistance.
- The normal resistance at the low impedance injectors should be 2-5 ohms. The norm on the nozzles of high impedance is 12-17 Ohms.
If on a multimeter you find values that do not fit into the specified range, then this means that something is wrong with the nozzles. Usually, an element that does not meet normal resistance is removed and replaced with a new one.
Note that a multimeter is an extremely useful device that any master engaged in electronics has. With its help, the voltage in electronic circuits, the resistance of the elements are measured. If necessary, buy yourself such a device, because in any case, you will need it when checking many engine elements.
Hearing test
Experienced drivers know how to test injectors on a diesel or gasoline engine by ear. They don’t even need a multimeter. An inexperienced driver is hard to do, but you can try. Listen carefully to the sounds coming from the cylinder block. A ringing sound indicates that the nozzles are not working properly, which means they need to be checked and cleaned. Of course, the accuracy of this diagnostic method is not worth explaining. In rare cases, you can accurately diagnose a malfunction by ear.
Verification of mechanical properties
To conduct verification of these elements, special equipment is needed, so it is difficult to conduct it yourself. Most workshops have stands for checking the stability of the nozzles, and with their help you can find out which stream is created during operation. That is, visually you can observe the "torch" spraying of gasoline (diesel fuel). If the fuel is sprayed unevenly, then problems in the operation of the internal combustion engine are quite possible.
It is worth noting that this method is the most accurate, and it is guaranteed to detect a malfunction.
Nozzle cleaning
If during the diagnostic process it was revealed that these elements are not working properly, then you need to clean them. You can do this yourself without removing them from the engine.
Cleaning Options:
- Use engine additives. They are poured into the fuel tank, mixed with gasoline, and when it passes through the nozzles, additives clean them.
- Some experienced motorists recommend a monthly pressure cleaning. To do this, you need to accelerate the car to a speed of 120 kilometers per hour on a flat road. In this mode, you need to drive about 10 kilometers and slow down.
- If for any reason you cannot ride at this speed, then you can do the same procedure at idle. Turnovers must be kept at 4-5 thousand. Note that this method is less effective compared to the above.
Even if no problems are observed during engine operation, the nozzles must be cleaned every 35-40 thousand kilometers for preventive purposes. Given the quality of gasoline that is poured at many gas stations, nozzles are an element that is one of the first to be repaired or replaced.
Fortunately, now you know how to check the operation of the injectors and fix them whenever possible. But in most cases, the part is simply changed. These are inexpensive elements of the internal combustion engine, which are inexpensive and easy to change. So if you find a problem with the operation of the nozzles, you should not be particularly upset. Such repairs will not cost much.