The human body is so multifaceted and interesting from the point of view of science that so far many representatives of humanity cannot understand many aspects of its activity. One of the most interesting and incomprehensible moments that cause great curiosity and genuine surprise of everyone who came across them is optical illusions and optical illusion.
In fact, optical illusions and optical illusions are scientifically understandable things. Scientists have long figured out the nature of their occurrence and found a completely accessible explanation of why we do not see exactly what is actually depicted. So, visual illusions and optical illusions are errors in visual perception, which are caused by inaccuracies or inadequacies in the processes of correcting visual images, which are not recognized by the human mind, or by physical causes. Experts are engaged in the study of the reasons why optical illusions and optical illusions arise in the process of studying the physiology of vision, and in examining the psychology of visual perception. The most famous visual illusions and optical illusions to date are presented:
- Illusions of color perception ,
- Contrasting illusions,
- Twisting illusions,
- Contour illusions,
- The illusions of perception of depth,
- The illusions of perception of size,
- Illusions, Changeling,
- Stereo illusions,
- Moving illusions.
Let us dwell on some of them in more detail.
The illusion of color perception has been known for a very long time - more than a century ago it was found that when an image that consists of dark and bright areas on the retina appears, light has the inherent ability to flow into dark areas from brightly lit areas.
The illusion of depth perception is an inadequate reflection of the object that is perceived, as well as the properties of the subject. To date, the most studied is the illusory effect, which is observed during the visual perception of images, which are two-dimensional contour. The brain cannot see patterns that are not single-convex (single-concave). In this case, perception depends on how the external (real or implied) lighting is directed.
The illusion of size perception is caused by the fact that optical illusion often leads to a completely incorrect quantitative assessment of the geometric quantities that exist in reality. It has been proven that the human eye can make more than 25% errors when estimates made with the help of vision were not checked with a ruler or other measuring tool.
In addition, estimates of geometric quantities made by the eye, are highly dependent on the background image, or rather the nature of this background. This statement applies to all geometric quantities, including lengths, areas, radii of curvature, as well as angles and shapes.
Changeling illusions are a type of optical illusion, which implies a dependence of the nature of the perceived object on the direction of view
Stereo illusions, which are now more commonly referred to as 3d optical illusions, occur when a stereo pair superimposed on a periodic structure makes it possible to observe a stereo image in the same way as with a conventional stereo pair. A periodic image makes it easier to “dilute” the eyes (in most cases, to infinity), and this in turn makes it possible to see a stereo image after focusing the eyes. The focusing distance in this case is several tens of centimeters. This method makes it possible to partially combine the image of a stereo pair. In this case, the restrictions in size are removed, but some restrictions are imposed on the drawings (their content).