Is the eye bleeding? This is an external sign of hemorrhage in the eye. This is a general concept characterized by the ingress of blood from a vessel into the lining and environment of the eye. This is not the norm. There are many reasons for this pathology. Serious complications include lens displacement, retinal detachment, and complete loss of vision. How to prevent complications, we will consider in more detail.
Eye hemorrhage: what is it
Eye bleeding or subconjunctive hemorrhage - this means that the eye is flooded, mainly in the front of the eyeball.
The following manifestations are external manifestations: redness of the eye, blood accumulates in the front part between the colored iris and the transparent cornea.
Why is the eye bleeding? A common cause is damage to a blood vessel, after an impact or penetration into the eye of something sharp.
Eye is bloodshot: causes
The causes of blood flowing into the eye can be expressed in pathological serious diseases. This includes eye cancer, blood vessel diseases and inflammation of the inner parts of the eye.
Why does blood get into the eye? Consider common causes:
- Blood vessel damage.
- Corneal scratch or mote - for these reasons, characteristic redness and pain appear. If a foreign object that gets into the eye scratches the cornea, then discomfort occurs. Perhaps redness in the eye for this reason. Antibiotic eye drops will reduce the risk of infection.
- Inflammation of the iris - iritis - is a disease associated with the body's immune system.
- The choroid of the eye is inflamed - uveitis - a disease that characterizes pathological changes in the immune system. The eyes are quite sensitive to light, and the image is blurry. The accompanying symptom is a headache.
- Acute glaucoma is a serious eye disease that is characterized by a sharp increase in eye pressure. Severe redness, pain, decreased focus of vision are typical symptoms.
- A corneal ulcer can be triggered by a bacterial or viral infection. The disease leads to the fact that blood appears in the eye. It becomes sensitive to light. Constant sensation of a foreign body in the eye. Bacterial ulcers are often found in people who wear contact lenses.
- Eye injury.
- Increased blood pressure.
- After taking blood thinners.
- With a blood clotting disorder.
- After eye surgery (including laser vision correction).
- Dry eyes.
- With visual impairment.
In rare cases, the condition when the eye is flooded occurs during pregnancy. However, in this case you should not sound the alarm. After the birth, everything will pass. It is necessary to consider each of the reasons in more detail.
Damaged blood vessel
A fairly common reason why the eye is stained with blood. There are many negative factors that provoke damage to blood vessels in the eyes, namely:
- Severe sneezing or vomiting can cause rupture of blood vessels.
- With great physical exertion (weight gain), a rupture of the blood eye vessels is observed due to high blood pressure.
- In case of eye injury.
- When wearing contact lenses. They can cause eye irritation and rubbing. Therefore, eye bleeding is provoked.
- Various infections in the eye.
- For diabetes or blood clotting problems.
- After suffering severe stress and high blood pressure.
A blood vessel in the eye can be damaged after taking medications that affect the bloodstream.
Even the usual aspirin in large doses can cause a similar effect.
Hypophagism
This condition is also called hemorrhage in the sclera. In medical terms, this is subconjunctival hemorrhage. In this state, the eye protein is flooded with blood: blood accumulates between the thin outer shell of the eye and the protein. People simply say: "the vessel burst." Indeed, this is the first reason that the eye is filled with blood.
There are other negative factors:
- direct traumatic impact of the eyeball: friction, shock, a sharp jump in barometric pressure, the ingress of a foreign body into the eye and due to chemical exposure;
- increased arterial and venous pressure: sneezing, coughing, physical exertion, bending, attempts at childbirth, tension during constipation, intense crying in a child;
- reduced blood coagulation: congenital and acquired hemophilia, the use of medications antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants (aspirin, Heparin, Plavix, etc.);
- infectious diseases (hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, leptospirosis);
- fragility in vessels increases with diabetes mellitus, atherosclerotic disease, deficiency of vitamins C and K, systemic diseases of connective tissue (systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune vasculitis);
- after surgery in the organ of vision.
All symptomatic signs appear externally in the form of a blood-red defective spot on a white shell. Gradually, the color does not change, but only becomes lighter until it completely disappears. Rarely, the phenomenon is accompanied by discomfort of the feeling of having a foreign body, itching.
You can accelerate the disappearance and resorption of this hemorrhage.
1 way: if the hemorrhage increases in size, then it is effective to use eye vasoconstrictor drops ("Vizin", "Naphthyzin").
2 way: eye drops "Potassium iodide" will help speed up the resorption.
A single hemorrhage usually occurs without inflammation. The manifestation of such symptoms is possible: “flies” in front of the eyes, decreased focus of vision. If the hemorrhage is constant, then this is an alarming signal about a serious eye disease or the body in particular. It is urgent to contact a specialist to diagnose a possible pathology.
Hyphema
The anterior chamber of the eye is the area between the cornea (a convex transparent lens of the eye) and the iris (a disk with a pupil in the center that gives the eye a unique color) with a lens (a transparent lens behind the pupil). It is normal when this area is filled with a clear fluid. The appearance of blood leads hyphema or hemorrhage in the anterior chamber of the eye.
The reasons for the appearance of such a state of the organ of vision can be different, even sometimes not related to each other. Conventionally, experts divide the causes into three groups:
1. Injury is a common cause.
- Penetrating trauma - damage to the eye with a sharp object, less often from the action of a blunt object. The internal contents of the eyeball and the environment are damaged.
- Non-penetrating trauma - the integrity of the internal structure of the eye is destroyed. This leads to hemorrhage of the eye in the anterior chamber. Most often, the reason is the result of exposure to a blunt object.
- All types of surgery on the organs of vision are accompanied by a hyphema.
2. Diseases of the eyeball are usually accompanied by the formation of new inferior vessels inside the eye. These vessels have defects in the structure, therefore, the risk of their fragility increases. Usually this condition is a consequence of the following reasons:
- diabetes;
- retinal vein obstruction;
- retinal detachment;
- intraocular tumors;
- inflammatory diseases of the internal structures of the eye.
3. Diseases of the body in particular:
- with chronic alcohol and drug intoxication;
- with bleeding disorders;
- with oncological diseases;
- with systemic diseases of the connective tissue.
Hyphema can be divided into four degrees of damage:
- 1 degree: visually the anterior chamber of the eye by a third;
- 2 degree: blood fills the anterior chamber of the eye to half;
- Grade 3: the camera of the eye is covered with blood more than half;
- Grade 4: full blood filling, black eye condition.
This classification is more than conditional.
The degree of damage to the hyphema is determined by the symptoms:
- visual determination of blood fullness of the anterior chamber of the eye;
- visual acuity decreases (especially when lying down);
- fear of bright light;
- painful sensations.
Diagnosis of the disease consists in visual examination, tonometry (measuring intraocular pressure), visometry (establishing visual acuity), biomicroscopy (instrumental method using a special microscope).
Blood rushed into the retina
There is a retina behind the vitreous body of the eye. She is responsible for the perception of light. Behind it is the choroid, in it are the blood vessels.
The manifestation of the outflow of blood in the retina is reduced to the fact that visual acuity sharply decreases, sometimes a certain field of vision. Usually pain and discomfort are not felt.
Retinal hemorrhages are classified into three degrees:
- with a mild degree, slight swelling of the cornea or retina is noticeable, the tissues are not damaged;
- with an average degree, puffiness with damage to the eyeball tissue is manifested;
- in severe cases, the retina of the eye and its vessels rupture; the lens is often damaged; a severe degree can lead to complete loss of vision.
With frequent relapses, it is necessary to treat in a specialized hospital. Often used an operational method of intervention - laser coagulation.
The eye after the bloodshot: first aid
Eye shock most often causes hemorrhage. If the eye is stained with blood, then first aid should be given immediately. First of all, it is necessary to characterize the injury:
- If the injury is caused by a blunt object, it is necessary to put a blindfold on the eye. Moisten it in advance in cold water, then apply ice wrapped in a towel.
- If a cut injury, cover the eyelid with a sterile bandage. Fix the bandage with adhesive tape. A bandage is recommended for both eyes. In order to prevent the synchronous movement of the organs of vision, which causes pain. After that, head to the hospital.
- If the eye is wounded, severe bleeding may open. Blood must be stopped. To do this, cover the eye with a clean cloth or scarf. Then deliver the victim to the doctor.
First aid for eye injuries should be as careful as possible. Because you can do harm. Anti-inflammatory therapy reduces the likelihood of complications.
What you can not do if the protein swam with blood
First aid is needed, but carefully. You need to know what to do when it is contraindicated in an organ of vision:
- Do not rub or crush the injured eye. Otherwise, the condition can only worsen.
- If a foreign body enters the eye, then you can not remove it yourself. It is better to do this to a qualified person.
- If the eye injury is penetrating, then you can not rinse it with running water. Otherwise, a dangerous infection can be brought into the eye.
- You can not use cotton when dressing. Her villi will aggravate the condition.
When providing first aid at home, the main thing is not to harm.
Treatment
Eye is bloodshot: what to do? After you have provided first aid, you must consult a doctor for a thorough examination. Diagnostics is carried out by an ultrasonic device or using a special mirror. Thus, the doctor will be able to assess the condition of the injured eye.
If the wound is penetrating, then the doctor will prescribe an X-ray in order to make sure that there are no foreign body particles in the eyeball. After which the doctor will definitely assess the condition of the optic nerve.
If the condition is not caused by an injury or infection, then treatment is not required. Blood will gradually disappear itself after a couple of days. To speed up this process, doctors prescribe eye drops of the “artificial tear” type. It is recommended to drip your eyes up to 5-6 times a day.
Typically, treatment includes the following diagnostics:
- general blood test to determine the number of platelets in it;
- blood biochemistry for measuring total protein;
- coagulation assessment - coagulopathy test;
- blood pressure;
- Analysis of urine;
- radiography of the chest and abdominal cavities.
An ultrasound of the front of the eye is prescribed to examine the state of the retina. Confirm or exclude its possible detachment, as well as diagnose the presence of neoplasms and hemorrhages.
Recommended Drugs
Depending on the nature of the disease, the following drugs are prescribed:
- anti-inflammatory drops for the eyes (Prednisolone, Dexamethasone);
- hormonal with the content of glucocorticosteroids;
- funds to stop bleeding;
- vascular strengthening preparations;
- drugs that help normalize eye pressure;
- vitamin complexes.
In many respects, the result of treatment will depend on how competently the first aid was provided. What to do if the protein of the eye is covered with blood? Contact a specialist immediately. If the treatment is done in a timely manner, then serious consequences can be avoided. Otherwise, vision will deteriorate or may disappear altogether. Do not self-medicate in any case. In case of severe eye injury, call an ambulance.