Studying philosophy, its features and subtleties, one cannot ignore its structure. Due to the fact that one of the main tasks of this science is to give people guidance for personal self-determination, it is very important to identify areas of life on the basis of which a person can determine them for himself. So, the structure of this science involves the following categories (areas):
- nature (peace and cosmos also enter here);
- society (everything related to its history and patterns);
- a person (as a person, with individual psychological characteristics) ;
- sphere of consciousness (spiritual and cognitive processes of the individual).
Proceeding precisely from these areas, which together constitute a kind of skeleton of philosophy, the corresponding sections of scientific knowledge are formed. And it is very important to be able to distinguish the features of each structural component.
Category of nature, peace and space
It should be noted that the structure of philosophy presupposes this sphere in the very first place. This is due to the fact that this issue is quite extensive and global. There are certain sections that deal with specific issues - ontology (being as such), natural philosophy (being and nature as a whole), cosmology (essence and characteristics of the Universe). Of course, these directions can hardly exist without other sciences, such as biology, physics, astronomy, and even chemistry, but in the context of this science these issues are considered from a completely different point of view.
Society and its importance in philosophy
There are many sciences that deal with society, including sociology, cultural studies, psychology, and philosophy. Moreover, if, for example, in sociology it is important to identify the laws of a particular society (small and large groups), then the "science of high" seeks to comprehend these laws. Thus, in this science, it is precisely society and its structure that are important . Philosophy should consider this in the context of the interconnection of a certain group of people with nature (and one cannot but turn to the very first category here), society as a whole with the individuality of man and, directly, the public from the point of view of its historicism.
The comprehension of man in philosophy
And despite the fact that the structure of philosophy assumes the category of "man" as a separate sphere, in this case it is worth talking more about the various manifestations of it and general characteristics. Although man is also the center of social philosophy, as well as philosophical anthropology. It is believed that in the process of understanding the personality, one can soon come to an understanding of being and everything else, which is important in the direct process of mastering its subtleties. And again, there is a need to return to one of the main areas in the structure of scientific knowledge, because in no case can one deny the fact of the influence of any community or society as a whole on the individual. But to understand what a person is as a full-fledged individual is almost impossible, if you do not understand what the structure of philosophy is.
The scope of consciousness in philosophy
After studying and comprehending the previous areas that are basic in this science, there is a need to determine what is the structure of consciousness in philosophy. And here a lot of other sciences come to the rescue, including logic, ethics, epistemology, as well as religion and other knowledge that seek to uncover the essence of human consciousness. All these ancient disciplines consider human consciousness in terms of scientific tasks. And if, for example, logic will examine a person’s consciousness from the perspective of basic laws and norms of thinking, then ethics will seek to answer questions about the inner harmony of each person.
Despite the fact that the structure of philosophy seems quite obvious and even simple, one cannot but note the fact that it is almost impossible to study these areas separately. It turns out that this division is very arbitrary. When studying any general scientific category, you always need to remember other areas that make up this science as a whole.