Belarusian army: history, form, ranks, strength and weapons

The observed increase in the number of armed conflicts on the planet is a natural concern. The Republic of Belarus holds peaceful diplomacy without aggression towards its neighbors.

But the state’s army keeps the gunpowder dry and is able to protect the integrity and independence of the country by force.

From the Soviet greatcoat

The Belarusian army was formed on the basis of the eponymous order-bearing military district, which could not be found in the former union state.

The territorial formation was in the main strategic direction, propping up a shock fist in Germany. Actually, therefore, back in the era of socialism, enterprises were built to repair and restore military aircraft and armored vehicles. The armed group had at its disposal a developed infrastructure that provided for vital activities in peacetime and use in wartime.

An abundance of warehouses, a dense network of access roads; reserves in readiness to deploy an army of one million people here. The famous quality of highways is explained by the fact that they were created as reserve “jump” airfields for aviation. Pilots today polish separation and landing on highways. The day of the Belarusian army was first celebrated 03/20/92. This is the date when it was decided at the government level to create the armed forces of the new country.

The reform took place in two stages: they made a reduction and created a new structure.

The size of the army was excessive, so in 1992-1996. 250 military units were reduced or reorganized. At this time, the nuclear missile demilitarization of the republic was completed.

The table shows the structural composition of modern armed forces. The Belarusian army today is a holistic combat-ready organism. Here are represented both military liable citizens and civilian employees.

The state of peacetime will remain unchanged if there is no explicit specialization of the armed forces with a focus on increasing the number of aviation units and air defense.

Alteration of the armed forces will soon be completed.

After the reorganization

Now the tactical unit is the brigade; in the Air Force - with the prefix air, in the Airborne Forces - with the name "mobile" with the entry into the Special Operations Forces. The ranks of the Belarusian army remained the same as in Soviet times.

There was a separation of powers between the Ministry of Defense and the General Staff based on experience with most countries. Ground Forces and Air Force - types of armed forces of the Republic of Belarus.

The strength of the Belarusian army is expressed in the following figures: officers - 14 502, warrant officers - 6850, privates and sergeants - 25 671, cadets - 3502, civilian personnel - 16 407.

Troop manning is of a mixed type — both conscripts and contract soldiers serve. If war breaks out, Belarus can easily put under its arms 500 thousand trained fighters.

The call is constantly held in spring and autumn, the age limit is 18-27 years. How much a person will have to serve in the Belarusian army depends on pre-conscription training.

The staff is trained at the academy and at the military departments of civilian state universities. Junior commanders are trained at the joint training center.

Armaments stored in warehouses and arsenals are enough in case of armed conflict. Experts believe that the training of soldiers of the Belarusian Armed Forces is carried out efficiently. Emphasis on maneuverable defense.

Lack of funds

Technology is improving every day: what was yesterday's foremost, today is the last century. This directly relates to defense technology. The problem of the Belarusian army is antediluvian weapons and b / t, dilapidated infrastructure. Time is the enemy, if nothing is done, the obsolete with the prefix becomes “hopelessly” ancient. And more maintenance is required, not to mention conversion. Funds for updating and maintaining are considerable. There comes a time when you have to make difficult decisions. This situation developed in 2012: the modern Belarusian army was forced to abandon the SU-24, -27 fighters and withdraw them from the Air Force.

In this situation, buy new, less expensive aircraft. The current aircraft costs $ 30-50 million, a tank costs $ 3 million, and large quantities of equipment are needed. For Belarus - an unbearable burden. The proportion of advanced weapons is reduced: the Moscow Region recognizes that the retooling plan is not true. They are trying to solve the problem; aviation and armored vehicles of other countries are being modernized at repair and restoration enterprises. The Belarusian army buys weapons from the Russian military-industrial complex, but there are also difficulties. Over the past five years, the Tor-M2 air defense systems were acquired to create one and the S-300 PS to equip four divisions, as well as 4 Yak-130 air defense systems. Poverty of funds does not allow to buy more.

Do it yourself

The military-industrial complex of the republic began to produce: navigation equipment, avionics, space and satellite communications, and their accessories. Belarusian UAVs have long been used in the army; robotic destruction systems are being developed.

The MLRS Polonaise complex, which belongs to the class of precision weapons, was tested. The adjustment and improvement of combat aircraft has been mastered, a set of measures is being taken to improve the Grad installations.

As a result of the measures, 900 units of repaired and brought to mind samples of weapons and equipment were put into operation. The restraining moment of transformation due to the military-industrial complex is a shortage of funds.

The new Belarusian army, despite this, in the post-Soviet space looks convincing. A component of the national Armed Forces is territorial defense, based on the popular partisan experience of national or national struggle.

A special department has been created in the structure of the General Staff, instruction manuals have been approved. It was organized to solve the problems of switching to martial law, combating paratroopers, saboteurs and illegal armed groups, and guarding facilities.

Outfit

The new military uniform was approved by the Belarusian army in 2009, it is equipment that meets all sanitary requirements. From practical experience, they were convinced that this field clothing can withstand everything that it should be intended. The configuration of the pattern makes the fighter invisible through optical observation devices in conditions of insufficient visibility. The uniform of the Belarusian army is in harmony with the natural background of Belarus, which once again confirms the defensive doctrine of the republic’s policy.

According to experts, the material meets hygiene requirements, is resistant to abrasion, moisture resistant and retains color. About the shortcomings. Shoulder straps of the Belarusian army will show only the military rank, don’t learn anything else, the uniform is depersonalized: belonging to the army and the country is not recognized - a feeling of deep secrecy. This is in spite of other states, where they are not shy to present themselves in full glory, and immediately catches the eye when experts from other countries come to inspect the Belarusian units.

The NATO uniform is a vivid confirmation of this. Attach "Velcro" - and no problem: use all kinds of chevrons.

The design is also unfinished, few pockets. The main disadvantage is impracticality. The form of the Belarusian army today poorly retains heat and does not dissipate sweat. In the past, the cotton factory was controlled with temperature fluctuations. And with semi-synthetics, everything is not so. Russia was already stepping on a rake when it introduced a uniform. An explosion of colds in the autumn-winter season among the soldiers of military service found the unsuitability of clothing. What is this fabric.

Light industry tried to create an almost perfect material, and it succeeded. Similar materials are available in the states of the world. At first, the equipment was made from the right fabric, but for a short time: it did not fit into the allocated funds. The developers emphasized cost reduction and kept their appearance exclusively. There is no other explanation, only is it possible to save on security?

Successes and weaknesses

In 2006, the reorganization of the Armed Forces was announced. Summing up, it is clear which Belarusian army is now. The event was held without public upheaval.

The republic’s base was inherited from the district, new military camps built with German money for the contingent withdrawn from Germany. The republic switched to army staff with diverse manning: conscripts and contract soldiers. As a result of this, hazing in the Belarusian troops is extremely rare. A compact army can afford to call on the service only worthy.

Armed forces are gradually getting involved in politics. The ideology workers were replaced by educators. During election campaigns, they help provide the desired result. It is difficult after this to assert that the army is out of politics. The current “commissars” are not easy, since there is still no clear ideology.

The weak point is the military equipment park. Own updating is extremely limited, the reason is commonplace - lack of money. Hopes are pinned on Russia's assistance, the course towards the formation of a single state is maintained, and the formation of a group of armed forces of the two countries is vital - a joint air defense system has been created. Russia will help re-equip the Belarusian army. First of all, the Air Force and Air Defense, which are awaiting the S-400 air defense system and 4 ++ fighters. Military experts note that the armed forces of the Republic of Belarus are unrivaled in Eastern Europe.

The armor is strong

Military equipment is rapidly aging due to the introduction of advanced technologies. The issue of updating or replacing with new samples is acute. Products that are on the balance of the Ground Forces are already the history of the Belarusian army. The problem is being solved.

Time is inexorable, but so far it is not critical. The issue is topical for the armed forces of most states.

The Belarusian army adopted one model of the tank - the T-72B. This is a simple and reliable machine, comparable to the heroic T-34. Distinctive features: dynamic protection of the hull, an improved complex of firing - firing a cumulative guided missile through the barrel. "Dynamics" covered the car, but against the current means of destruction, it is rather weak.

"Achilles Heel" - the placement of ammunition in the rear area of ​​the tower. When a shell enters this zone, detonation of the stacking occurs inside, which leads to the death of the car and crew.

Today there is no urgent need for rearmament. The tank has a reserve for improving fire potential, fire control equipment, modern communications and navigation. There is no money for the purchase of new tanks and is not expected; if you indulge in dreams that finances have appeared, the option of acquiring the Ukrainian Oplot tank will be rational. The machine is far superior in performance to the Russian T-90. In the case of military-industrial cooperation, it would be appropriate to use Belarusian fire control equipment in this tank, which will reduce the price without reducing the effectiveness.

For covering infantry

BMP-2 remains the workhorse of motorized infantry of the Belarusian army for the transfer of personnel to the battlefield. The machine has proven itself in combat, combines mobility and firepower. BMP-2 for three decades - a reliable assistant. An acceptable replacement option is the transition to the BMP-3M. Due to the exceptional potential of the new weapons, firepower increased significantly, and the equipment of the machine with dynamic protection provided it with additional survivability.

The new complex is able to withstand tanks. Equipping the Belarusian motorized rifle units with these infantry fighting vehicles will help to re-equip, which will increase the combat effectiveness of the units. Armored personnel carriers BTR-80 are on the balance of infantry units, their mission is similar to BMP. The machine is reliable, high-speed, it easily overcomes trenches, funnels and forces water barriers, the Belarusian army is deservedly respected by the Belarusian army. Photo BTR-80 demonstrates its formidable beauty.

However, the experience of using machines in a combat situation is indicative. There is no escape from the "landmines": armor-piercing bullets "pierce" the APC through and through. You can agree with the placement of personnel inside the machine, but with landing from it - nothing. This led to the fact that the personnel are forced to move from above on the armor - there are more chances to stay alive when undermined. The designers of the Russian military-industrial complex are developing new machines; they created the BTR-82. They improved the anti-fragmentation armor protection and put the air conditioning.

god of War

The Belarusian army is armed with self-propelled guns of caliber 152 mm. In the divisions of the mechanized brigades - 122 mm 2C1. Self-propelled guns "Msta-S" and "Hyacinth" have a serious firing range, but do not differ in heap hit due to the lack of modern ACS, high-precision shells in sufficient quantities and primitive deterioration. Talks about rearmament are not even being conducted, it is clear here - a lack of money. Partial cosmetic renewal, equipment of self-propelled gun control systems 2C3 and 2C5 are acceptable, which will increase the effectiveness.

Along with self-propelled guns in service are 2A65 152 mm howitzers, which are a successful invention. The gun that is being towed in the current war is just a target, a transfer to a self-propelled base is necessary. The structure of the Belarusian rocket artillery includes MLRS calibers 122, 220, 300 mm. The presence of such weapons can ensure the defeat of a likely enemy at a distance of 70 km. This type of artillery causes minimal unrest in land units:

• the replacement of the BM-21 chassis of the Ural model with the Mazovskaya model increases the reserve by 40 shells;
• the permissible age of the MLRS "Smerch" is 25 years;
• interest on the part of the country's leadership in the problems of rocket artillery gives a chance for further modernization of artillery units.

Don't be bad yourself

Armed with MLRS Polonaise, capable of hitting targets at a distance of 50-200 km. The Belarusian army had been waiting for the jet installation for a long time. The photo below demonstrates this type of technique.

The product was developed and manufactured in Belarus. A number of Russian systems, such as Iskander, are located on this base. In addition, serial production of ammunition has been established. The country has created a rocket science and defense complex and is engaged in a defensive strategy. The essence is that the enemy thinks: continue aggression or stop.

This humane defensive tactic is the final warning. The army was equipped with tools that would cause serious damage. Belarus is obliged to rely on the concluded international agreements and treaties and at the same time improve its armaments. Work is continuing to extend the life of the means of destruction stored in warehouses. Ammunition used to be disposed of thoughtlessly. Today, such an attitude is unacceptable, at the wrong time. Thanks to this prudent approach, 10 thousand defeat units gain new life every year.

Ghostly perspectives

The army of Belarus is redundant, despite its compactness. Membership in the Collective Security Treaty Organization prevents the reduction of army ranks so that the military structure receives a clear specialization. The process has been launched, as a result, everything that is beneficial to Russia will remain: air defense, special operations units, electronic personnel. In its current form, the army will not survive without an alliance with Russia. Otherwise, the state will lose new military equipment, and there will be no reason to feed the group of forces in the center of Europe. People and decrepit equipment will go under reduction, the armed forces will become professional.

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The leadership needs to strengthen patriotism in society, form an ideology, and prevent foreign influence in the army.

The Armed Forces of the Republic are alert and capable of repelling aggression. The equipment is outdated, but not critical. Here you need the training of commanders, the ability to fight and take command of combat operations in difficult times. Train the personnel, for it is not the weapon that fires, but the soldier from it.