How does a short-sighted person see? What is happening to his eyes? You will find answers to these and other questions in the article. Myopia is a dangerous visual disorder that people knew about in the fourth century BC. Aristotle himself called this anomaly "myopia", which in Greek means "squint." As the nearsighted man sees in the article.
Myopia
Few know how a shortsighted person sees. When myopia occurs, the individual begins to poorly distinguish between various objects placed further than at arm's length. According to medical statistics, myopia is a particularly common ailment among patients over the age of 10 years. Every year the number of such people is growing.
As a rule, myopia begins to progress from 7 to 13 years and can remain at the last level or develop further, worsening the person’s vision more and more every year.
Causes of occurrence
You do not know how myopic people see? The photo presented in the article demonstrates the abilities of their visual system.
Myopia appears due to such reasons:
- Hereditary predisposition.
- The active period of growth, causing a sharp stretching of the muscles of the fundus.
- Head injuries received during childbirth.
- Excessive load at school.
- Long time in front of a TV, computer, tablet, smartphone.
- A long reading of books without good lighting.
What happens to the eyes?
Many people ask the question: “How does a short-sighted person see?” It is known that a healthy individual with 100% vision is very rare. Indeed, due to various factors in almost all people, vision is slightly impaired.
How does a healthy person see objects? The rays reflected from them pass through the optical structure of the eye and focus the image on the retina. With myopia, the rays are focused in front of the retina, so the image reaches it already in a blurry form. This happens only when a person with visual impairment looks into the distance. As a result, it allows parallel rays of light to reach the retina.
It is important to know that the rays coming from objects located close are not parallel, but slightly diverging from each other. This nuance allows a short-sighted person to see them better. After all, after refraction, the picture appears precisely on the retina. Now you know why people with myopia have poor vision in the distance and well in the vicinity.
Distorted image
Typically, a distorted picture does not reach the retina or appears on it in an unnatural form due to:
- Disorders of the optical structure of the eye, which leads to excessive refraction of the rays.
- Transformation of the shape of the eyeball (with myopia, the muscles of the fundus of the eye relax, due to which the eye becomes longer).
It should be noted that sometimes one individual has both versions of a visual disorder.
What do they see?
So how myopic see the world? This question is not easy to answer. Imagine that you cannot concentrate on an object and see it blurry, noticing only the contours. A similar effect can be compared to setting up the camera on a smartphone. Indeed, at this moment, at first the picture is soapy or cloudy. Also, when watching a film, the character in the foreground is perfectly visible, and the background is blurred, and the viewer can only distinguish the silhouettes of objects located behind the character.
This is how myopic people see the world around them without the use of glasses. Well, if the patient wears the glasses prescribed by the attending doctor, he will improve his vision and will be able to see everything around him in natural form.
This effect is achieved using optical lenses located in the frame. They transmit light rays through themselves in the correct form. As a result, the resulting image is directly on the retina.
In addition, optical lenses cause the eye muscles to tighten, which makes the patient see better. Would you like to suffer from loss of vision? Follow the basic rules for preserving it and contact your optometrist on time.
Vision minus 2
Let’s find out how a short-sighted person sees at minus 2. In reality, people with this degree of myopia do not experience significant discomfort. A person sees without problems objects placed 1.5 m away from him. He also easily distinguishes the contours of objects located a little further. With this severity, the degree of myopia is considered weak.
A person can write and read, work at a computer, navigate in space without using glasses. True, such myopia is accompanied by blurry objects located far away, a feeling of tension in the eye muscles, and headaches.
If you have such symptoms, urgently visit an ophthalmologist. An experienced doctor examines you, excluding the development of a variety of parallel pathological processes.
A decrease in vision to minus two occurs for the following reasons:
- weakness of sclera tissue;
- genetic predisposition;
- eye-strain;
- mechanical damage to the eye;
- weakness of accommodation;
- violation of visual hygiene.
Often, myopia is caused by a lack of vitamins or pathology of the vascular system.
Today, vision minus 2 is increasingly found in adolescents. This is caused by a long pastime for the PC. Very often in such cases, false myopia develops. To recreate visual function, it is enough to perform specific exercises and observe the rest regimen.
Vision minus 3
And how does a short-sighted person see at minus 3? With this vision, weak myopia is usually diagnosed. This violation is caused by the creation of a picture by the visual optical system not on the retina, but in front of it (as we discussed above). Therefore, any distant objects to a person seem blurry.
Doctors say that the more advanced the form of myopia, the worse the visibility. This can happen for a number of reasons. Usually vision minus 3 appears due to muscle weakness. Today, experts distinguish several degrees of myopia:
- Weak - up to minus three.
- Average - up to minus six.
- High - reaches minus 20.
In the first case, the membranes of the eyeball stretch and become thinner. Such a process negatively affects the vessels that feed the corresponding structures. Microcirculation inside the organ is disturbed.
It should be understood that sight minus three is not a sentence. Today, ophthalmologists use laser, optical, drug therapy or hardware-based functional healing, which allows you to successfully get rid of myopia. Such a known ophthalmic deviation can occur at any age. It is important to go to the clinic on time and start healing.
Vision minus 5
How does a short-sighted person see at minus 5? Recall that this is an average degree of myopia. At minus five people see everything that is located at a distance of a dozen meters from it, as if in fog, it is not clear. He weakly sees the size and color of objects, fixes that they are moving.
Often an individual with such vision at a distance of acquaintances does not recognize, because he can not see the features of their faces. Recognition occurs, rather, by voice. That is why in people with visual defects, hearing is usually exacerbated. It should be noted that two people who have been given the identical visual diagnosis (for example, myopia –5) can see differently. One clearly captures the shape and size of an object at a distance, the other - shades of color.
The answer to the question "How does a short-sighted person see at minus 4?" in this case is identical. After all, this indicator also refers to the average degree of myopia.
To correct an ophthalmic disorder, scattering lenses or glasses are required. Such devices transfer the display of objects directly to the retina, as it should be with good vision.
By the way, at a short distance (30 cm from the eyes) myopic people can very well embroider without glasses, read, knit. But here it is important to avoid long muscle strain.