School is a social state institution, the main task of which is the formation in students of a certain system of knowledge, skills and education of a person in a spiritual, moral, political and ideological vein. Over the past decades, the educational system has undergone many reforms that have, by and large, pursued positive goals. However, not everything that was conceived turned out to be achieved, and many results are very dubious.
Reform and Optimization
Any reform is a transformation carried out in order to improve those areas of life or activity in which it is carried out. If we talk about school education, then we are talking primarily about the optimization of the educational process. What does it mean? Optimal - that is, the best. The most convenient, easily accessible and effective of many such. In the transfer of the concept to the needs of school education, “optimization” is the very transformation that is being carried out in order to improve the education and upbringing of children. This is a selection of such methodological actions that will allow to provide high-quality knowledge at the lowest possible time and effort of both teacher and students. Naturally, we are talking about a whole system of thoughtful and consciously selected forms, methods and techniques of training, together constituting one or another method. Moreover, often pedagogical transformations carried out in order to improve, require updating the whole teaching methodology as a whole, and not its individual spheres or areas. This is due to the fact that ideally universal methods in didactics do not exist. Some of them turn out to be the most optimal under some conditions, while others under opposite conditions.
Optimization and lesson
The teacher, as a creative person, should be in a state of continuous pedagogical search and experiment, constantly enriching his methodological piggy bank with personal discoveries, the experience of colleagues and applying the experience gained in practice. In each case, it looks like this: when preparing for a lesson, the teacher relies on transformations carried out in order to improve the assimilation of knowledge, increase the interest of children in the subject, etc.
Therefore, he formulates the topic of the lesson, and selects the training material, and thinks out the forms of its presentation. All this is necessary in order to maximize the use of the 45 minutes allotted to him. For example, it is one thing if a teacher in a Russian lesson in grade 5 simply reads a rule from a book and offers to perform all the exercises in a row, until the change. Children will be bored, uninteresting, they will quickly tire, their attention will be scattered, and the effectiveness of such a lesson will be zero. And it’s completely different if the whole lesson is held in the form of a fabulous journey, and a new topic and its consolidation turn out to be taught as tests for the rescue from the misfortunes of fairy-tale heroes, etc. Such an occupation is classified as non-standard. This is exactly the optimized transformation in order to improve the educational process, which is required from the teacher. Such a lesson will not only leave a bright emotional mark in students, but will also help to fully learn the material studied, to deeply understand it and to remember it for a long time, and will form an algorithm for the practical application of theoretical concepts. Therefore, non-standardization is one of the main principles of optimization. The main and necessary. The achievement by each individual student of the maximum possible level for himself in mastering the curriculum is the main optimization
goal. The process of continuous improvement of teaching is focused on it, but the effectiveness of the task depends primarily on the teacher, and secondly, on the children themselves, their families, the environment in which they grow up, and other factors.
Thus, it is the teacher who must master the innovative methods, work on himself, improve his skills so that his work is conducted on the basis of optimization, and not in the old fashioned way.