The rapid development of digital technologies, the triumphal procession of which is observed across the planet, leads to the fact that all people work with things located very close to them, one might say, almost under their nose. But earlier, a person’s horizons were limited only by the blue of the sky above his head and the horizon. This explains the pathology of the organs of vision, the functioning of which takes place in an unusual mode for them. After all, whether it be a computer, tablet or even a book - the eyes focus on a close object and eventually get used to working in a similar range of distances. As a result, far from immediately they may need correction with the help of optics, which most often use contact lenses or glasses with a frame.
Principles of Optics
It is these accessories that have the necessary refractive power, which helps the rays of the light flux to focus at the necessary point on the fundus. For these means of correction, the unit of measurement of the optical power is diopters. This value, the physical meaning of which is that after the intersection of the convex lens, all the waves of solar radiation are projected in a single place, the position of which is determined by the displacement of the refractive medium by a specific distance.
The principles of the structure and functioning of translucent matter of the eye
In the human organs of vision, there are natural mechanisms that are able to provide linear vibrations of a natural magnifier (lens) along its visual axis. These changes in size have small values (usually no more than 1/50 or 1/75 meters), but thanks to them the necessary optical power and image sharpness are provided. Indeed, depending on the applied effort and tension, the refractive indices of the lens are no more than 60-71 diopters (these are nominal values, deviations from which are already called diseases).
The principle of functioning of this visual organ is that as a result of changes in the optical power of all refractive media of the eye, the image is built on the retina and
fundus. If the focusing of the rays is carried out further than necessary, then the person will not get a clear picture, since the available space is simply not enough to build it. Such a deviation is called farsightedness and with it the transmitted visual information is projected already beyond the borders of the retina. The opposite case is myopia, with this disease everything happens the other way around, and the image is formed too early, as a result - early focusing and a blurry image of distant objects.
The choice of means for correction
To reduce visual load, a person needs to consult an ophthalmologist. This specialist will conduct the necessary research and analysis and perform an initial examination of the eyeball. According to special tables, it will be determined: in what condition is the vision, diopters in this case can be both in the “plus” and “minus”. Based on the obtained parameters, the specialist will decide on the recommended methods of prevention or their combination with intensive care, which will be aimed at preventing irreversible changes in the eye. In simple cases, everything can be completely different. The doctor will confine himself to correction, choosing only the appropriate value of the optical power - diopter for glasses. What will this give the patient? Preventive measures will help maintain his health and independently control the development of the disease. After all, diopters are the main indicator of destructive processes, which are better to watch and keep in check than to give them complete freedom.
Vision without limits
After medical manipulations and the acquisition of the necessary lenses, the patient will stop noticing his ailment and will be able to enjoy full vision. However, if deviations from the norm in the eyes are insignificant (no more than ± 1 units of optical power), then even these measures may be premature. Since in such cases, the organs of vision will not experience increased fatigue and extra diopters - this is not a panacea. After all, maintaining the tonus of the eyes is important to carry out comprehensively, and not just optical methods.