A black dot flickers in the eye or flies, spots, strings appear? This is all the result of a minor or serious disease of the human visual organs. Black dots in the eyes can be almost invisible. And for many people they cause serious problems. Why do black dots appear before my eyes, and what to do with such a defect? Let's talk in more detail.
Black dots in front of the eyes - what is it?
It can be accurately said that each person had strange points in front of his eyes, reminiscent of flies or cobwebs. When you look, they gradually disappear. Black dots in the eyes appear due to a phenomenon called vitreous opacification. The fact is that our eye is arranged in such a way that the space between the retina and the lens is filled with a transparent substance, which has a gel-like structure. Dead cells are gradually located in it, forming over time black spots in the eyes. They represent a shadow on the lens from such areas.
To identify them, you can just look at a plain white color. Black spots can increase or remain small, it all depends on the individual characteristics of the eyeballs.
Characteristic symptoms
Does the black dot in front of the eye float? She can appear both alone and with “friends” in the form of formations similar to thin threads. Barely noticeable flies usually do not cause significant discomfort in a person, and in some cases these are the first symptomatic signs of a serious illness. Therefore, their appearance cannot be ignored. Especially when the front sight increases markedly. So, the black dots in the eyes are divided into two types:
- with granular destruction: dead cells of the eye fall into the vitreous body, black dots form when they join;
- with filamentous destruction - this is the first alarming signal about the development of pathologies and metabolic disorders. This can cause collagen fibers to die. Gradually, black dots turn into long cobwebs, which significantly modify the object in front of the eyes.
The main dangerous feature: during a sharp turn to the side, black dots or lines move in the same direction, creating a certain kind of “visible” loop. At risk are those who have myopia. If this disease is not treated in a timely manner, then vision defects may appear over time.
Causes of black dots in the eyes
The destruction of the vitreous body is the main reason for the appearance of black dots. There may be several. When black dots appear in front of the eyes, the reasons are as follows:
- age-related changes;
- vascular disease;
- with metabolic disorders;
- due to injuries to the eyes or head;
- with an infectious disease;
- if there is a migraine;
- when rubbing your own eyes;
- with prolonged exposure to bright light;
- as a result of exposure to aggressive substances: acid and alkali;
- after contact with eyes of foreign substances (particles of dirt);
- with diabetic retinopathy;
- with the appearance of malignant tumors in the eye;
- with a lack of nutrients;
- with the depletion of the body (both physically and psychoemotionally);
- with osteochondrosis of the cervical spine;
- with diabetes;
- while smoking and other bad habits.
Of course, overwork and sharp jumps in blood pressure affect not only our general condition. In this case, if a black dot appears in the eye, this is not a separate disease, but only a symptom. It can easily be eliminated along with the cause of the appearance - fatigue. A little good rest and sleep - and the problem is solved.
Why are they dangerous?
Black dots before our eyes - what is it and how dangerous are it for us? This question was asked by almost every person who saw unidentified flies in front of him. By the way, professional ophthalmologists call these “black spots” “flies”. The authoritative doctor Helbich from Germany assures that these formations in the form of small spots in front of the eyes do not do any harm to a person. However, there is one “but”: the shape of the points should be recognized. It can be in the form of threads, small dots, circles, and even in the form of spider-like patterns. It is on the form and frequency of appearance before the eyes that the stage of the disease depends.
Usually black dots under the eyes do not have dangerous signs. The exception is if a person in front of his eyes sees a huge accumulation of dots or threads - this is a signal that intraocular bleeding may occur. This symptom is accompanied by blurred vision and flashes of light appear sharply - this indicates that the retina exfoliates. In this case, you need not to postpone and urgently go to the doctor. Perhaps this will be the last chance to maintain vision. Otherwise, blindness may occur.
When is it necessary to see a doctor?
If a person regularly sees black dots in front of him, then a doctor should be consulted in such cases:
- the number of flies is constantly increasing;
- black dots appear during bright flashes;
- they cause discomfort;
- your age is more than 50, and flies constantly arise;
- after the injury, the number of black dots increased;
- if you have myopia.
In order to independently identify a vision problem, you need to look at the white surface so that it occupies 100% of the entire field of vision. If, in addition to white, you see spots, the flight of particles, then consult a doctor immediately. Of course, it is possible that you do not have pathologies, but reinsurance has not bothered anyone. The specialist will diagnose and prescribe the correct treatment.
To make the correct diagnosis, the doctor must conduct a thorough examination, not only of both eyes. It is necessary to check the liver and kidneys, as well as to verify the normalization of the cardiovascular system, digestive tract and respiratory organs. Such a full examination is essential. Otherwise, the doctor will not be able to make an accurate diagnosis, respectively, and to prescribe a course of treatment that will help get rid of annoying "flies" before the eyes.
How to get rid?
Of course, vision is one of the key resources of our body, so you should not neglect it. Treatment with folk remedies is impossible to produce, the problem itself will not disappear. Of course, as an additional treatment, the doctor may prescribe herbs that will only help speedy recovery of vision. But self-medication is very dangerous.
If you suspect the presence of black dots or spots before your eyes, you should immediately contact an ophthalmologist. He will examine, and later will be able to confirm or refute your fears. There are times when black spots may occur due to another disease (tumor or infection).
Medical treatment
Treatment of black spots in the eye begins with a search for the source of the identified pathology. After which they usually cleanse the eye of defects. However, there are cases when dead cells cannot be removed from the vitreous because of their small number. Usually, if they do not cause severe inconvenience, the doctor tries not to touch them. Only if a serious pathology is detected, surgery is prescribed and the eye is cleaned with surgery.
Very rarely, with minor problems, the doctor may prescribe vitamin drops: Taufon, Quinax or ethylmorphine hydrochloride solution. One effective remedy is a drop of potassium iodide. If it is necessary to accelerate the regenerative component of the vitreous body, the doctor can prescribe Wobenzym, Emoxipin.
For the general strengthening of the visual organs, special procedures are prescribed, namely: paraffin baths, electrophoresis, blood transfusion, as well as injections of vitamins B and C. The disease at the initial stage is recommended to be treated with multivitamin complexes.
Surgical intervention
With the advanced stage of the disease, serious measures must be taken. So, for example, with the help of modern technology and surgical intervention, you can significantly improve vision. Surgical treatment of destruction involves the use of such methods.
Vitrectomy
This is a method of surgical intervention with which you can partially or completely remove the vitreous body. It can be replaced with an artificial environment. The operation is quite complicated. In case of incorrect actions of the surgeon, complications such as the appearance of cataracts, retinal detachment, hypotension can occur. This method is used only when other methods are not possible.
Vitreolysis
This is one of the methods of treatment of destruction, which is characterized by the use of a laser to break the threads - the accumulation of points. Thus, the eye is fully resuscitated. For the implementation of this complex operation are taken only by doctors with extensive experience.
It is important to seek the help of a doctor when, in addition to the appearance of black dots in front of your eyes, you feel additional symptoms. For example, a white veil in front of the eyes that partially or completely covers the gaze. One of the most disturbing and dangerous signs is the appearance of periodic bright flashes in front of the eyes or transparent white threads. No need to "sit" and hopes for good luck! Nothing goes away on its own! It is possible that a timely visit to a doctor can help in saving your eyesight.
Preventive actions
In order to prevent the occurrence of vision problems, you must carefully monitor your health. Completely get rid of bad habits (the use of tobacco products and alcoholic beverages). A healthy lifestyle, proper nutrition, morning exercises, performing special exercises and observing breaks (every 10-15 minutes) for the eyes while working on a computer are faithful "helpers" in the struggle to save your eyesight. At least minimal effort must be made to play sports. Carefully ensure that the eyes do not overexert. With prolonged work at the computer, you need to do special exercises for the eyes and do not forget about breaks.
If you have hyperopia or nearsightedness, follow your doctor’s recommendations. In no case do not allow strong eye strain. When black flies appear before your eyes, you should immediately consult a specialist. Remember that timely access to a doctor will allow you to quickly and effectively say goodbye to the emerging disease. In addition, prevent vision impairment and general health.