Using the Internet has become so common for us that often we don’t even think about the purpose and meaning of the tools that we use constantly. When you need to use the link, it causes few people difficulties. We either insert it into the browser line of the downloading program, into the corresponding window on the web resource, etc., or we find it ourselves, as a rule, at the top in the corresponding field of the browser. Thus, the concept of “link” for the average user does not raise any questions, when the question arises of finding the URL, this may cause some difficulties for some.
In essence, these two concepts are very close. The URL is apparently no different from the code entry that we usually call the link. The appearance of the URL (an abbreviation of the English full name Uniform Resource Locator) is due to the world by Tim Berners-Lee, who is known as a member of the Geneva European Council for Nuclear Research. A URL appeared in 1990 as a way to set the file location address, later it became used as an indicator of the location of a web resource on the Internet. The URL consists of the name of the file itself, the path to the page and the domain.
Among the mass of advantages that a URL has, its significant drawback is the use of only the
Latin alphabet in the addressing process
, and even a limited set of additional characters. The use of characters not included in this list leads to the fact that under the influence of the algorithm used, the encoding in hexadecimal takes place. In this case, the URL loses all human readability and is a collection of numbers and special characters.
Of course, this state of affairs significantly infringed other languages, which led to the emergence of an international indicator of IRI sites, thanks to which the use of any Unicode characters is already available.
As mentioned earlier, a URL consists of several required elements. At the very beginning, the protocol is written, followed by a colon and two slashes followed by a host, domain and port, then through a single slant, the path to the file and the file name itself are indicated.
The protocol should mean the type of Internet service used. This is usually http. It is used by ordinary Internet pages, information in this case is not encrypted. The https protocol is used by resources that monitor their security. When working with them, all information intended for transmission is encrypted. If the ftp protocol is specified , this means that loading – unloading is carried out directly from the server where the site is located. The file designation is used to search for files on your computer.
The host is determined by the domain host (for hosts in http, by default is www). A domain is a domain name used on the Internet. Port is understood as the port number for the host (for http, by default - 80). A path, like navigating the file system of a computer, indicates the location of the page on the server (it may be absent when the document is in the root directory of the site). The file name is the name of the document or resource.